面向汉英教学辞典的《通用规范汉字表》一级字声旁研究

发布时间：2018-04-08 08:27

  本文选题：《通用规范汉字表》　切入点：声旁　出处：《北京外国语大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：汉字教学是汉语教学的难点,一个重要原因就是对汉字构成的理据了解不多。绝大多数汉英学习辞典不提供汉字的构字信息,在汉字教学中也没有对这方面的信息给予足够重视。形旁和声旁的组合是汉字最主要的构造方式,形声字在所有汉字中所占比例达80%以上,不同级别的汉英教学辞典应提供哪些声旁信息是一个值得研究的问题。本文以《通用规范汉字表》中的一级字作为中级汉英教学辞典的收字范围,因其中1,141个汉字已经被刘敏(2015)研究过,并析取出了314个声旁。因此本研究将对汉字声旁的研究拓展到一级字表中没有被研究过的字。针对前人提出将原先形声字中那些形旁不再表义或声旁不再表音的字视为无构字理据的记号字或构字理据不足的半记号字的观点,本研究提出,为提高汉字教学的效率,教师不应仅教授当代简化字的形音义,还应让学生了解汉字的构字理据及其形音义的演变；为此目的,汉英教学辞典应该像英语学习词典提供英语词的构词和词源信息那样,提供汉字的构字和字源信息。本研究还提出,同形不同音的声旁应视作不同声旁,对声旁的认定可以不考虑声调和韵头,仅使用韵基(韵部)来阐述声旁提示读音的功能。通过对一级汉字表中未被研究的2,359字的分析,本文共识别出1,955个形声字,从中析取出619个(组)声旁。加上初级314个声旁,并除去重复出现的声旁,《通用规范汉字表》中的3,500个一级字共有693个(组)声旁。
[Abstract]:Chinese character teaching is a difficult point in Chinese teaching, one of the important reasons is that the motivation of Chinese character constitution is not well understood.Most Chinese-English learning dictionaries do not provide Chinese character construction information, nor do they pay enough attention to this information in the teaching of Chinese characters.The combination of shape side and sound side is the most important way to construct Chinese characters. The proportion of phonetic characters in all Chinese characters is more than 80%. It is worth studying what kind of phonetic information should be provided in different levels of Chinese and English teaching dictionaries.In this paper, the first class character in General Standard Chinese character Table is used as the range of Chinese and English teaching dictionaries, because 1141 Chinese characters have been studied by Liu Min (2015), and 314 sound side words have been taken out.Therefore, this study extends the study of Chinese phonetic side to words that have not been studied in the first level list.In view of the former viewpoint that the characters in the original pictophonetic characters are no longer expressing the meaning or the phonetic sound of the phonetic characters as the marked words without the motivation of the word construction or the half-mark words with insufficient motivation, this study proposes that the efficiency of the teaching of Chinese characters should be improved in order to improve the efficiency of the teaching of Chinese characters.Teachers should not only teach the form and meaning of modern simplified words, but also let students understand the motivation of Chinese characters and the evolution of their phonetic meanings. To this end, Chinese-English teaching dictionaries should do the same as English learning dictionaries provide word formation and etymological information of English words.Provide Chinese character construction and word source information.The study also suggests that the phonetic side of the same shape and different sound should be regarded as different phonetic side, and the phonetic function of the phonetic cue can be explained by using the rhyme base (rhyme part) instead of the tone tone and the rhyme head in the recognition of the phonetic side.Based on the analysis of 2359 words not studied in the first class Chinese character table, 1955 phonetic characters were identified and 619 sound sides were extracted from them.With the addition of 314 primary sound sides and excluding repeated sound sides, there are 693 (group) sound sides in 3500 first-level characters in the General Specification Chinese character Table.
【学位授予单位】：北京外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：H195
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本文编号：1720832