留学生歇后语偏误分析及教学对策

发布时间：2018-04-13 18:03

本文选题：对外汉语教学 + 歇后语　；参考：《河南师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在对外汉语教学中,引入歇后语教学非常有必要。歇后语是熟语的一员,以独特的语言形式存在于汉语之中。歇后语不仅形式特殊,而且内涵丰富,体现的是中式幽默。歇后语是谜语的“近亲”,二者在形式上有一定相似性,所以歇后语体现的是中国人喜欢猜谜的心理特征。歇后语还是一种文化现象,歇后语来源于民间文化,包含着民间劳动人民的生活经验和人生哲学,是人民群众智慧的结晶。对外汉语教学中进行歇后语教学,不仅能提升学习者的口语交际能力,也能更好地传播中华文化。近年来,学界对歇后语的对外汉语教学进行了尝试,关于歇后语教学的论述也在逐渐增多。而本文所要探讨的,正是歇后语如何去教的问题。笔者在结合自身实践的基础上对前人在歇后语教学方面的问题进行了分析,发现留学生学习歇后语存在着一定难度。歇后语不同于一般词语,其句式结构多样,句法成分复杂,内涵意义丰富,通常一个歇后语都有字面意思和深层含义。歇后语的语用特征也比较复杂,而且包含了诸多文化现象,这些都是造成留学生学习歇后语难度大的原因,因此,有必要对歇后语的教学方法进行针对性探讨。关于在对外汉语教学中歇后语如何去教的问题,前人研究的并不多,所提出教学对策的针对性也不是很强,因此在这方面就值得去做进一步的探究。语言学习的三个层面分别是语法、语义和语用,歇后语的学习也是如此。本文结合歇后语本身的特点,以及一些歇后语使用中的偏误现象,分别从这三个层面讨论了歇后语如何去教的问题,试图去补充学界在这方面研究的不足,也希望能给他人的科研和教学提供参考。
[Abstract]:In the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language, it is very necessary to introduce the teaching of Xiehouyu.Xiehouyu is a member of idioms, which exists in Chinese in its unique language form.The Xiehouyu is not only special in form, but also rich in connotation, which embodies Chinese humor.Xiehouyu is the "close relative" of riddles, and they are similar in form, so they embody the psychological characteristics of Chinese people who like to guess riddles.Xiehouyu is still a kind of cultural phenomenon. It originates from folk culture and contains the life experience and philosophy of the folk laboring people. It is the crystallization of the wisdom of the people.Xiehouyu teaching in teaching Chinese as a foreign language can not only improve learners' oral communication ability, but also spread Chinese culture better.In recent years, scholars have tried to teach Xiehouyu as a foreign language.And what this text wants to discuss, it is the question that how to teach Xiehouyu.On the basis of my own practice, the author analyzes the problems in the teaching of Xiehouyu by forefathers, and finds that it is difficult for foreign students to learn Xiehouyu.Xiehouyu is different from common words in that its sentence structure is diverse, syntactic elements are complex, and its connotation is rich, usually a Xiehouyu has literal meaning and deep meaning.The pragmatic characteristics of Xiehouyu are also quite complex and contain many cultural phenomena which are the reasons why it is difficult for foreign students to learn Xiehouyu. Therefore it is necessary to probe into the teaching methods of Xiehouyu.There are not many researches on how to teach Xiehouyu in teaching Chinese as a foreign language, and the pertinence of the proposed teaching countermeasures is not very strong, so it is worth further exploring in this respect.The three levels of language learning are grammar, semantics and pragmatics.Based on the characteristics of Xiehouyu itself and some errors in the use of Xiehouyu, this paper discusses the problem of how to teach Xiehouyu from these three levels, and tries to supplement the deficiency of academic research in this field.It also hopes to provide reference for other people's scientific research and teaching.
【学位授予单位】：河南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H195.3

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