访谈节目主持人模糊限制语的语用研究

发布时间：2018-04-16 11:30

本文选题：模糊限制语 + 访谈节目主持人　；参考：《华侨大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：自Lakoff(1972)提出了“模糊限制语”(hedges)这一概念,国内外学者在各自研究领域对模糊限制语展开了广泛的研究。本研究从语用视角出发,将模糊限制语视为一种语用策略,即用于修饰对命题真值的承诺程度,或者用来改变施行言语行为的语力,从而达到某种交际效果。访谈节目因契合现代人快节奏的生活,并为人们提供有效的交流平台而备受欢迎。主持人作为影响访谈节目成功与否的重要因素之一,其主持过程特别讲究语言使用策略,比如模糊限制语的大量使用。通过对前人有关模糊限制语和访谈节目主持人的研究进行梳理,作者归纳出以下三点不足:1)前人对模糊限制语的研究较集中于书面语篇,而对访谈节目类的口语语篇则较少关注;2)在为数不多的针对访谈节目模糊限制语使用的研究中,主持人这一角色模糊限制语的使用并没有得到应有的重视;3)有关访谈节目主持人的研究,主要集中于主持人话语表达方式、访谈技巧、主持人的素质、角色定位、主持个性等角度,而针对访谈节目主持人模糊限制语的研究则很少。鉴于前人研究的不足,以及主持人在访谈节目中的重要作用,作者认为研究主持人在访谈节目中模糊限制语的使用很有必要。Verschueren的顺应论指出,语言的使用过程就是不断选择语言以满足交际需求的过程。本研究以顺应论的语境顺应为理论基础,以《鲁豫有约》、《可凡倾听》这两档备受认可的访谈节目为语料来源,随机选取2012年-2016年的60期节目(各30期)对主持人模糊限制语的使用进行语用分析,试图回答以下三个研究问题:1)主持人使用模糊限制语顺应哪些语境因素?2)基于对以上语境因素的顺应,主持人所使用的程度变动型模糊限制语和其他类别模糊限制语呈现出哪些单一功能?3)主持人模糊限制语的多维功能如何实现?本研究有以下三点发现:首先,主持人模糊限制语的使用主要是顺应了心理世界中嘉宾的情绪、愿望以及主持人的意图,顺应了社交世界中主持人的社会身份以及主持人与嘉宾的关系亲密程度,而与物理世界则关系不大;其次,主持人使用程度变动型模糊限制语最多,主要充当创造共鸣、减少对嘉宾的潜在冒犯、增强开玩笑的效果来创造一种和谐的氛围、使称赞得体等功能,而其他类别的模糊限制语补充了两个新的功能,即实现主持人自我保护和协助传播正确的社会规范;最后,主持人模糊限制语的多维功能主要表现在两个方面,即多种模糊限制语可以充当相同的功能,和同一模糊限制语在不同语境中或在同一语境中也可充当多维功能。本研究的意义至少体现在以下三个方面。首先,有利于拓宽模糊限制语的研究范围和丰富现有的访谈节目主持人的研究内容。其次,为能力欠缺的节目主持人提供借鉴以达到提高语用能力增强访谈效果的目的。最后,对于观众而言,有利于加深他们对模糊限制语的理解,进而学会在日常交际中通过恰当使用模糊限制语来实现更好的交际效果。
[Abstract]:Since Lakoff (1972) proposed "hedges" (hedges) of this concept, the domestic and foreign scholars in their field of study on hedges has been extensively studied. This study from the pragmatic perspective, hedges are regarded as a pragmatic strategy, which is used to modify the degree of commitment to true value proposition the implementation of speech acts or to change the language, so as to achieve a communicative effect. Chat show because corresponding to the fast pace of modern life, and provide people with effective communication platform and the popular host. As an important factor affecting the success of the chat show, the host process pays special attention to strategies of language usage, a large number of for example, the use of hedges. Based on previous studies on language and chat show host hedges were reviewed, the author summed up the following three problems: 1) study of Hedges in the previous More concentrated in written discourse, and on the chat show class of spoken discourse is less concerned; 2) in a few studies on Hedges in the chat show, the use of the role of the host of hedges and did not receive due attention; 3) on the talk show host. The host, mainly focused on the ways of language expression, interview skills, the quality of host, role orientation, personality of host perspective, study in a chat show host of hedges are rare. In view of the shortcomings of previous studies, and the important role of the host in the chat show, the author holds that the use of Hedges in the chat show host it is necessary in.Verschueren's adaptation theory pointed out that the process of using language is to choose the language to meet the communicative needs. The process based on the adaptation theory context adaptation theory Based in Lu Yu about < >, < > who can listen to the two files of the chat show has been recognized as the data sources, randomly selected 60 programs in 2012 -2016 years (the 30 period) for pragmatic analysis of host use hedges, trying to answer the following three research questions: 1) host the use of hedges to adapt what contextual factors? 2) to conform to the above context based on the degree of change type used by the host of hedges and other categories of hedges showing what a single function? 3) multi host function of Hedges in how to realize? This study has the following findings: first, three points the use of hedges is mainly adapted to the guests in the mental world of emotions, desires and intentions of the host, the host to the social world in the social identity and relationship between hosts and guests of the close degree, and objects The world is little; second, the host level approximators most, mainly acts as an affront to create sympathy, reduce potential guests, enhance the joking effect to create a harmonious atmosphere, make the appropriate praise and other functions, and the fuzzy hedges of other categories added two new features that is, realize the host self protection and help spread the correct social norms; finally, multidimensional function of host hedges mainly manifested in two aspects, namely a variety of hedges can act as the same function, and with the first mock exam hedges in different contexts or in the same context may also serve as a multidimensional function. The significance of this research embodies at least in the following three aspects. First, to broaden the scope of the study of hedges and enrich the existing chat show host contents. Secondly, for the lack of capacity of section The purpose is to enhance pragmatic competence and enhance the effectiveness of interview. Finally, for audiences, it helps to deepen their understanding of hedges, and learn to achieve better communication effects in daily communication by proper use of hedges.

【学位授予单位】：华侨大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H136

【参考文献】