基于《汉语大词典》的两汉司法新同义词辨析

发布时间：2018-04-22 00:08

本文选题：汉语大词典 + 两汉　；参考：《海南师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：自中国法律语言学创始后,汉语法律词汇研究越发系统化。目前法律词汇系统化主要体现在对断代专书法律词汇的研究。但是以词典为基础语料进行全面的断代词汇研究成果甚少,这不得不说是一个很大的遗憾。因为词典所储存的语料,相比专书来说,词汇要丰富得多,有利于我们更为全面了解探求法律词汇,遂以词典为基础语料,进行断代词语研究势在必行。两汉时代是我国古代社会转型的重要时期,法律同政治、经济、文化等领域均发生了重大变革,作为语言最敏感的要素——词语必定会据法记事,遂从词语角度探求两汉法律词汇的面貌与特点、法律制度沿革与变化是可行的。鉴于此,本文以汇聚古今词汇的《汉语大词典》为基础语料,通过客观的归纳、描写《汉语大词典》所隐含的两汉法律新词,特别是其中的司法新词,同时对两汉时期的司法新义同义词以辨析。本文的研究对象为两汉司法新词,这是因为两汉新义司法词语最具有两汉时代特色,最能够反映出两汉司法以及司法词语发展的面貌。另外,本文着重在封闭语言环境中辨析了“立法、告劾、逮捕、审判、惩办”语义场的司法同义词,在语义特征、组合搭配以及语用特点方面的异同。研究方法主要为客观描写法与传统训诂方法,即从共时角度描写两汉时期法律词汇的面貌;从历时角度分析同义词源义、引申义演变中词义的细微差异;同时将典型范畴理论运用到选取司法同义词之中。此外,综合运用传统词汇训诂学理论与方法、现代语言学理论与方法,以探究两汉法律词汇的基本面貌,是本次研究的新意亮点所在。第一章,首先概述汉语法律语言研究、两汉司法制度以及古汉语同义词的研究现状;其次介绍本文的目的、价值及研究的具体方法;最后对本文语料库来源以及词语、司法词语、同义词进行界定与判断。第二章,在共时平面对两汉行政法、经济法、民法、刑法诉、诉讼法、其他法新词新语进行客观描写,以展示两汉时期法律建设的主要面貌。第三章,本文研究重点为司法新同义词辨析。我们首先从词本义、引申义及核心义等角度,探析司法新同义词在语义特点、组合特征、语用特点上的异同,其次从词义源流发展的角度出发,分析两汉时代司法新同义词形成的理据。
[Abstract]:Since the founding of Chinese legal linguistics, the study of Chinese legal vocabulary has become more and more systematic. At present, the systematization of legal vocabulary is mainly reflected in the study of the legal vocabulary of special books. However, it is a great pity to do comprehensive lexical research based on dictionaries. Because the data stored in dictionaries are much more abundant than specialized books, it is helpful for us to understand the legal vocabulary more comprehensively, so it is imperative to study the words of different dynasties by taking dictionaries as the basic corpus. The period of the Han Dynasty was an important period of social transformation in ancient China. Great changes had taken place in the fields of law, politics, economy, culture and so on. As the most sensitive element of language, words and expressions must be recorded according to law. Therefore, it is feasible to explore the features and features of the legal vocabulary in the Han Dynasty from the perspective of words, and the evolution and changes of the legal system. In view of this, this paper, based on the Chinese Dictionary, which gathers ancient and modern words, describes the legal neologisms of the Han Dynasty, especially the judicial neologisms, which are implied in the Chinese Dictionary through objective induction. At the same time, the synonyms of judicial new meanings in the Han Dynasty were analyzed. The research object of this paper is the judicial neologisms of the Han Dynasty, which is because the judicial words of the new meaning of the Han Dynasty have the characteristics of the Han Dynasty and can best reflect the appearance of the development of the judicial words and the judicial words in the Han Dynasty. In addition, this paper analyzes the synonyms of "legislation, impeachment, arrest, trial and punishment" in the closed language environment, and the similarities and differences in semantic features, combinations and collocations as well as pragmatic features. The research methods are mainly objective descriptive method and traditional exegesis method, that is, describing the appearance of legal vocabulary in the Han Dynasty from a synchronic perspective, analyzing the origin meaning of synonyms from a diachronic point of view, and introducing the subtle differences in the meaning of words in the evolution of semantic meaning. At the same time, the typical category theory is applied to the selection of judicial synonyms. In addition, comprehensive use of the theory and method of traditional lexical exegetics and modern linguistic theories and methods to explore the basic features of the legal vocabulary in the Han Dynasty is the new bright spot of this study. The first chapter first summarizes the research of Chinese legal language, the judicial system of Han Dynasty and the synonyms of ancient Chinese; secondly, it introduces the purpose, value and research methods of this paper; finally, it introduces the source of corpus and the words and expressions of this paper. Judicial words and synonyms are defined and judged. In the second chapter, the administrative law, economic law, civil law, criminal law, procedural law and other new words of law are described objectively in the synchronic plane to show the main features of the legal construction in the Han Dynasty. In the third chapter, this paper focuses on the analysis of the new synonyms of judicature. First of all, we analyze the similarities and differences in semantic characteristics, combination characteristics and pragmatic characteristics of new judicial synonyms from the perspectives of the original meaning of words, the introduction of meaning and the core meaning, and then from the perspective of the development of the source and stream of word meaning. Analysis of the formation of new judicial synonyms in the Han Dynasty.
【学位授予单位】：海南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H131

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