基于认知属性库的原型范畴研究

发布时间：2018-05-06 22:40

本文选题：认知属性 + 原型范畴　；参考：《中文信息学报》2016年06期

【摘要】：原型范畴是认知科学研究中的重要理论,使用属性来区分范畴中心成员及边缘成员有着较强的解释力,但该理论一直缺乏基于频率信息的属性数据支撑。该文借助认知属性库的23万条数据,对原型理论研究中经常讨论的"鸟"、"水果"、"交通工具"等范畴的典型成员和非典型成员进行分析验证。认知属性库的数据显示,在汉语中,"鸟"的典型成员是"麻雀"、"燕子"等,和"鸟"具有较多的共同属性;而"企鹅"、"鸵鸟"则只共享了"鸟"很少的属性,且缺少关键的属性"飞"。大体上验证了原型理论的观点。同时,我们也发现"小鸟"的属性特别丰富,具有典型成员的特性。在进一步观察了"水果"和"交通工具"两个范畴后,我们探讨了范畴的跨类现象,进而从数学模型上区分了树结构的层次分类体系和图结构的范畴化体系。
[Abstract]:Prototype category is an important theory in cognitive science. It has strong explanatory power to distinguish the central member and edge member of category by attribute, but the theory lacks the support of attribute data based on frequency information. With the help of 230000 data from the cognitive attribute library, this paper analyzes and verifies the typical and atypical members of the categories of "bird", "fruit" and "vehicle", which are often discussed in prototype theory research. The data from the cognitive attribute library show that in Chinese, the typical members of "bird" are "sparrow", "swallow" and "bird", but "penguin" and "ostrich" share only a few attributes of "bird". And the lack of key attribute "fly". The viewpoint of prototype theory is verified in general. At the same time, we also found that the properties of the bird are particularly rich, with the characteristics of typical members. After observing the two categories of "fruit" and "vehicle", we discuss the cross-category phenomenon of category, and then distinguish the hierarchical classification system of tree structure from the categorization system of graph structure from the mathematical model.
【作者单位】：南京师范大学文学院;南京师范大学计算机科学与技术学院;江南大学人文学院;
【基金】：教育部青年基金(16YJC740034) 山东省语言资源开发与应用重点实验室开放课题江苏高校哲学社会科学研究项目(2016SJB740004) 国家自然科学基金(61272221;61300152) 国家科技支撑计划课题(2014BAK04B02)
【分类号】：H136

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