表程度义的“还”的相关句式研究

发布时间：2018-05-07 10:18

本文选题：还 + 程度义　；参考：《沈阳师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：现代汉语中“还”有表示程度义的用法。“还”表示程度义时,可以表示程度深,也可以表示程度浅。我们发现“还”表示程度深和浅时出现的语言环境有很大的不同。在前人研究基础上,我们全面考察表示程度深和浅的“还”出现的语言环境。考察语料,我们发现表示程度深的“还”出现的语言环境可分为实比型和虚比型两类。其中,实比型可分为有“比”类和无“比”类两类,有“比”类是指“X比Y'还W(呢)”句式,无“比”类是指“X'还W呢”句式。其中,虚比型是指“X比'Y还W(呢)”句式,语义上分为“近似赋值”“反常表达”和“极度夸张”三类。此外,我们发现表示程度浅的“还”出现的语言环境可分为无明确比较对象和有明确比较对象两类。其中,无明确比较对象类是指“X还W”句式。其中,有明确比较对象类可分为“X还W1,Y+W2”或“Y+W2,X还W1”句式,“X+Y都W2,X还W1”句式和“X还W1呢,Y更W2了”句式。在此基础上,我们主要从语义功能和句法特征两方面来研究表示程度义的“还”的相关句式。在语义方面,通过句式的变换分析,我们考察相关句式的语义功能。在句法方面,我们考察相关句式变项的关系情况和谓词后数量词语出现的情况。由此,我们能够全面了解表示程度义的“还”的相关句式,促进对外汉语教学的发展。
[Abstract]:In modern Chinese, "Huo" is used to express the meaning of degree. When "also" denotes degree meaning, it can denote degree deep or degree shallow. We find that the language environment in which the degree of return is deep and shallow is very different. On the basis of previous studies, we comprehensively investigate the linguistic environment in which the degree of representation is deep and shallow. When we examine the corpus, we find that the language environment with deep representation can be divided into two types: real ratio type and virtual ratio type. Among them, real ratio can be divided into two types: "ratio" and "no", "X'to W" and "X'to W". The virtual ratio refers to the sentence pattern of "X is better than Y", which is divided into three categories: "approximate assignment", "abnormal expression" and "extreme exaggeration". In addition, we find that there are two kinds of linguistic environments, which are not definite objects and definite objects. Among them, there is no explicit comparison of the object class refers to "X back W" sentence. Among them, there are definite comparison object classes, which can be divided into "X return W1Y W2" or "Y W2 + W1" sentence pattern, "X Y W2 + W1" sentence pattern and "X return W1 + W1 + W2" sentence pattern. On this basis, we mainly study the syntactic features and semantic functions. In terms of semantics, we examine the semantic functions of related sentence patterns through the transformation analysis of sentence patterns. In the aspect of syntax, we investigate the relation of relevant sentence variables and the occurrence of quantitative words after predicates. Therefore, we can fully understand the relevant sentence patterns of degree meaning and promote the development of teaching Chinese as a foreign language.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H195.3

【参考文献】