临夏“花儿”语音声学分析

发布时间：2018-05-20 15:27

本文选题：临夏花儿 + 声学分析　；参考：《西北民族大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】："花儿"作为西北的重要民歌组成部分,被誉为"西北的百科全书"也是甘肃第一个获得世界非物质文化遗产称号的项目。甘肃省临夏回族自治州是"花儿"的发源地之一,也是"花儿"的故乡。临夏"花儿"以其口口相传的易传播和传授型学习,在广大人民群众之间颇受欢迎,尤以回、汉、东乡、保安、裕固、撒拉、土族等民族演唱居多,具有很强的民族地域文化传承代表性。目前对于临夏"花儿"的研究多以"花儿"的演唱习俗,地域性特点以及演唱特征和技巧为主,"花儿"演唱以口传为主,没有固定的读本和教材,这样一来,单一传统的理论性研究对于"花儿"的传承和保护来说是远远不够的。本文以多名不同地区的职业临夏"花儿"演唱歌手和民间"花儿"演唱爱好者对多种曲令的演唱曲目为主要研究对象,从中提取语音信号中的相关参数来对"花儿"进行定量定性的数字化研究。本文通过对语音信号的分析主要得出以下几点结论:(1)发音人在演唱临夏"花儿"的过程中,能量总体上趋于集中分布;同时,演唱者在以不同的情感演唱方式演唱同一首歌时,会根据演唱场景或艺术效果需求而对曲目的理解和体会进行再次演绎,以达到表达效果;(2)发音人在演唱不同的"花儿"歌曲的时候,基频均以下降为主要趋势,突出表现演唱临夏"花儿"的特殊点,即基频先高后低;在不同情感的演唱过程中,高亢的基频平均值最高,哭腔次之,以欢快的为最低。同时,在基频的高低对比中,高亢的基频比哭腔的低,相对于超欢快的又高。(3)演唱时基频的最小值和最大值都相对较大,说明了演唱时的音域范围也相应的会变大。
[Abstract]:As an important part of folk songs in Northwest China, Flower is known as the Encyclopedia of Northwest China, which is also the first project in Gansu Province to win the title of World Intangible Cultural Heritage. Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture of Gansu Province is one of the birthplaces of Hua Hua and the hometown of Hua Hua. Linxia "Flower" with its word of mouth easy to spread and imparting learning, is popular among the broad masses of the people, especially Hui, Han, Dongxiang, Baoan, Yugu, Sara, Tu and other ethnic groups in the majority of singing. It has strong representativeness of national regional culture inheritance. At present, the study of "Flower" in Linxia is mainly focused on the singing custom, regional characteristics, singing characteristics and skills of "Huahua". The singing of "Flower" is based on oral transmission and there are no fixed reading books and textbooks, so, The single traditional theoretical study is far from enough for the inheritance and protection of Flowers. In this paper, many professional "flowers" singers in different areas and folk "flowers" singing enthusiasts of a variety of songs as the main research object. The relevant parameters are extracted from the speech signal to carry on the quantitative and qualitative digital research on the Hua Hua. Based on the analysis of phonetic signals, this paper draws the following conclusions: (1) in the process of singing "Flower" in the summer, the energy of the pronunciation person tends to be concentrated, and at the same time, when the singer sings the same song in different emotional ways, According to the demand of singing scene or artistic effect, we will interpret the understanding and experience of the track again, so as to achieve the expressive effect.) when people sing different "Flower" songs, the main trend is to decrease the basic frequency. In the process of singing with different emotions, the basic frequency of hyperactivity is the highest, the crying cavity is the second, and the happy one is the lowest. At the same time, in the comparison of fundamental frequency, the base frequency of hyperactivity is lower than that of crying cavity, and the minimum value and maximum value of base frequency are relatively larger than those of super cheerful and high.
【学位授予单位】：西北民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H172.2

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