叙事语篇的衔接与视角表达——以“单说、但见”为例

发布时间：2018-05-22 12:09

本文选题：叙事语篇 + 衔接　；参考：《语言教学与研究》2017年05期

【摘要】：本文基于民国初年的小说材料,以"单说"和"但见"为例,考察动词性来源的篇章衔接成分的功能浮现条件。文章指出,从篇章功能看,虽然"单说"与"但见"都具有元话语属性,显示情节之外的叙述者视角,但两者存在差异。其差异性表现为,"单说"是单纯的叙述者视角表现形式,用作开启情节、或者建立篇章话题,属于框架标记。而"但见"未完全虚化,既可用于体现情节内人物视角,也可用于体现"无所不知"的全知视角。用于情节内人物视角的"但见",虽然它所在的小句与"单说"小句一样不允许显性主语,但允许作零形主语解读,并与话题之间具有同指关系。而全知视角的"但见",它所在小句则不允许作零形主语解读;此时的"但见"用作提示受述者关注其后叙述内容,使之具有前台信息的属性,"但见"属于参与标记。叙述者视角与情节人物视角重叠是虚化为元话语成分的临界语境。汉语零形主语的句法促使低控制度的主句动词(如"单说、但见")弱化,成为篇章衔接成分。
[Abstract]:Based on the novel materials of the beginning of the Republic of China, this paper examines the functional emergence conditions of the cohesive elements of the text from the source of verbs, taking the "single Theory" and "but see" as examples. The paper points out that, from the perspective of textual function, although both "single talk" and "but see" have meta-discourse attributes and show the narrator's angle of view outside the plot, there are differences between the two. The difference is that it is a simple form of narrator's visual angle, which is used to open the plot, or to establish the discourse topic, which belongs to the frame mark. "but see" is not completely empty, can be used to reflect the plot of the character perspective, but also can be used to reflect "omniscient" omniscient perspective. In the perspective of the characters in the plot, although the clause in which it is located does not allow the explicit subject, it is allowed to interpret the zero-shaped subject and has a synonymous relationship with the topic. But the "but see" of omniscient angle of view is not allowed to be interpreted as a zero-shaped subject in its clause, and the "but see" in this case is used to prompt the narrator to pay attention to the subsequent narration, so that it has the attributes of foreground information, but "see" belongs to the participation mark. The overlapping of narrator's perspective and plot character's perspective is the critical context in which hypocrisy becomes meta-discourse component. The syntax of Chinese zero-shaped subject weakens the verb of low control (E. g., "say alone, but see") and becomes the cohesive element of the text.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院语言研究所;
【基金】：国家社科基金重点课题“汉语语用标记形成机制的多视角研究”的阶段性成果
【分类号】：H15

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