论藏语词缀的构成及其音变特征

发布时间：2018-05-24 03:41

本文选题：藏语 + 词缀　；参考：《青海民族大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：公元七世纪中叶,藏王松赞干布的文臣吞弥桑布扎以当时的藏语言为基础创立了藏文,形成了藏语语言和文字高度统一的局面。但是,由于吐蕃王朝的分崩离析,藏族社会也随之形成了分裂的状态,从而导致藏语语言及其文字的读音产生了具有浓郁地域特色的方言差异。渐渐地各方言之间因构词的词缀不同,藏语语言在交流上逐渐出现了障碍。为了解除这一问题,本文运用了语言学、语音学和方言学的基础理论和方法,在与传统语法理论相结合的基础上,探讨了藏语词缀的构成及其音变特征。一定程度上来讲语言的丰富程度取决于词缀的丰富度,唯有充分理解藏语中后缀居多的原因、全面地探究藏语三大方言的词的构成及其构词的词缀不同,才能解决因此而导致的语言障碍等问题。在对各地方言材料整理比较、书面文献相互印证、藏语词缀类分归纳的基础上,克服不注重文献材料的局限,以现代语言学的思路和方法来进行藏语词缀的研究。本论文分为以下三章来具体阐述笔者的观点:第一章,主要围绕藏语词缀的定义、分类、构成要素、功能等展开论述。笔者认为,藏语词缀不能独立成词,并论述了其放在词根的前中后位构成新词的语素。第二章,简要结合具体案例,介绍了藏语词缀构成的分类及其语音演变的规律。笔者认为,最初大部分词缀的声母和词根的辅音韵尾发音部位相同,但经过了漫长的历史演化和共时音变,逐步出现了词缀的声母和词根的辅音韵尾发音方法相同的现象,例如,其中有些词缀的声母浊音清化。第三章,从地域特征、社会历史等多方面分析了这些要素对藏语词缀的影响,并对三大方言的词缀构成进行了比较,同时,总结了词根与词缀的结合规律、词缀缩减现象的特点。最后,提出了如何规范词汇或词缀的方法以及相应策略。
[Abstract]:In the middle of the 7th century, Sambuza, the minister of Song Zangbo, the king of Tibet, founded the Tibetan language on the basis of the Tibetan language at that time, forming a highly unified situation of Tibetan language and script. However, due to the disintegration of the Tubo Dynasty, the Tibetan society also formed a split state, resulting in the pronunciation of Tibetan language and its characters with rich regional characteristics of dialect differences. Gradually, due to the different affixes of word formation, Tibetan language has gradually appeared obstacles in communication among dialects. In order to solve this problem, this paper applies the basic theories and methods of linguistics, phonetics and dialectology. On the basis of combining with the traditional grammar theory, this paper probes into the composition and phonological characteristics of affixes in Tibetan. To some extent, the richness of the language depends on the richness of affixes. Only by fully understanding the reasons for the majority of suffixes in Tibetan, can we comprehensively explore the composition of the words and the different affixes in the three major dialects of Tibetan. In order to solve the resulting language barriers and other problems. On the basis of collating and comparing the materials of various dialects, confirming each other in written literature and classifying the affixes in Tibetan, the author overcomes the limitation of not paying attention to the literature materials, and studies the affixes in Tibetan language by modern linguistic thinking and methods. This paper is divided into the following three chapters to elaborate the author's point of view: the first chapter, mainly around the definition of Tibetan affixes, classification, constituent elements, functions and so on. The author thinks that the affixes in Tibetan language cannot be independent words, and discusses the morpheme of the neologisms which are placed in the front and middle position of the roots. Chapter two briefly introduces the classification of affixes in Tibetan language and the rules of phonetic evolution. The author believes that the initial consonant and root consonant end sound is the same, but after a long history of evolution and synchronic phonetic change, gradually appeared the affix consonant and root consonant end pronunciation method of the same phenomenon. For example, some of these affixes purge the initial consonants. The third chapter analyzes the influence of these elements on the affixes in Tibetan language from the aspects of regional characteristics, social history and so on, and compares the composition of affixes in the three dialects. At the same time, it summarizes the law of the combination of the roots and affixes. The characteristics of affix reduction. Finally, the methods and strategies of how to standardize vocabulary or affix are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：青海民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H214

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