利玛窦《天主实义》“特殊词组”调查研究

发布时间：2018-05-27 09:21

本文选题：利玛窦 + 《天主实义》　；参考：《四川外国语大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：《天主实义》是远东耶稣会士利玛窦入华第二十年,即1603年成书的,一本“旨在要专门针对儒家士大夫,向他们提供哲学论证以作为天主信仰预备”的著述。该书采用明朝末年讲学时颇为流行的语录体形式,由“中士”和“西士”,即晚明的儒生和耶稣会传教士于一问一答,共114次对话构成全书,堪称天主教汉文著译的扛鼎之作。该部著译涵盖了大量极有特色的词语与词语的组合,很值得我们去梳理研究,其在近代汉语语法史上也有不可忽视的学术地位和研究价值。本论文以《天主实义》为基础研究语料,并基于北京大学中国语言学研究中心语料库(即CCL语料库,以下简称语料库),对该著作中所存在的“特殊词组”,从句法关系、语义关系、语用意义等角度进行系统描写归类,同时作一定分析。首先本文使用数据统计的方法对所有“特殊词组”进行了总体调查。其次对《天主实义》中该类语法现象在作穷尽统计的前提下,以语料库数据为对比语料,对各词组的语法特色进行对比、分析描写,以期获得对利玛窦用词“特殊点”的发现,并使这一语法研究薄弱点受到一定的重视。本文分为绪论、正文、结语三个部分,共九章:第一章,绪论:说明《天主实义》的价值及版本、选题背景及研究现状,分析研究对象和研究方法以及探究选题意义。第二章到第八章为论文的正文部分:第二章,在联合结构“特殊词组”分析上,我们将该类词组分为谓词性联合式和体词性联合式2个大类,同时根据词组本身的具体语法特点分为6个小类。第三章,述宾结构“特殊词组”部分,我们根据该类词组宾语的存在状态,分为5个大类,共计13个小类。第四章,对主谓结构“特殊词组”的分析,本文主要从其语法结构的复杂程度来分,共计3个大类,4个小类。第五章,对连谓结构“特殊词组”的讨论,我们主要从其词组内部句法结构关系入手来分,共计2个大类,3个小类。第六章,偏正结构“特殊词组”部分,我们根据常见的该类语法结构的分类方法,将所析用例分为2个大类,共计5个小类。第七章,对于述补结构“特殊词组”的分析,由于用例占比最小、特殊点呈现较为集中,我们只从一个语法点对其作2个小类的分类描写。第八章,助词结构“特殊词组”部分,其用例数量不多,但语法特点明显,我们将其分为2个大类,共计3个小类。文末为结语:对本文所讨论的“特殊词组”作以总结、概括,通过数据统计,并对其存在的原因加以推演。同时交代该论文研究过程中存在的不足之处,并提出展望。
[Abstract]:The Truth of God was written in 1603 by far Eastern Jesuit Matteo Ricci in the 20th year of his arrival in China, a book designed to provide them with philosophical proof as a preparation for the faith of God. The book is a popular quotation form in the late Ming Dynasty. It is composed of 114 dialogues by Sergeant and West Scholars, that is, Confucian students and Jesuits missionaries in the late Ming Dynasty. The translation of this book covers a large number of special words and expressions, which is worthy of our study, and its academic status and research value can not be ignored in the history of modern Chinese grammar. This thesis is based on the study of "the meaning of God", and on the syntactic relationship of the "special phrases" in the Chinese Linguistics Research Center of Peking University (CCL Corpus, hereinafter referred to as the Corpus). The semantic relation, pragmatic meaning and so on are systematically described and classified, and analyzed at the same time. First of all, this paper makes a general survey of all "special phrases" by using the method of data statistics. Secondly, on the premise of exhaustive statistics of this kind of grammatical phenomenon in "the meaning of God", taking the corpus data as the comparative data, the grammatical characteristics of each phrase are compared and described, in order to obtain the discovery of the "special spot" of Matteo Ricci's words. And make this grammatical research weak point receives certain attention. This paper is divided into three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. There are nine chapters: chapter one, introduction: explain the value and edition of "the truth of God", the background of the topic and the current situation of the research, analyze the research object and research method and explore the significance of the topic. Chapter two to chapter eight are the main body of the thesis. In the second chapter, in the analysis of "special phrase" of joint structure, we divide this kind of phrase into two categories: predicate associative form and aspect associative type. At the same time, according to the specific grammatical features of the phrase itself, it can be divided into 6 subcategories. In the third chapter, we describe the "special phrase" of the object structure. According to the existing state of this kind of phrase object, we can divide it into 5 categories, totally 13 subcategories. In the fourth chapter, the analysis of "special phrases" of subject-predicate structure is mainly divided into three categories and four sub-categories according to the complexity of its grammatical structure. In the fifth chapter, we discuss the "special phrase" of the continuous predicate structure. We divide it into two categories and three subcategories from the syntactic structure within the sentence structure. In the sixth chapter, we divide the use cases into two categories, which are divided into five subcategories, according to the common classification methods of this kind of grammatical structures. In Chapter 7, for the analysis of "special phrases" in the predicate and complement structure, because of the smallest proportion of use cases and the more concentrated presentation of special points, we only classify them from one grammatical point to two subcategories. In the eighth chapter, there are not many use cases in the "special phrase" part of the auxiliary structure, but the grammatical features are obvious. We divide them into two major categories, three subcategories in total. At the end of the paper, the conclusion is given as follows: the special phrase discussed in this paper is summarized, and the reason of its existence is deduced by statistics. At the same time, the shortcomings in the research process of this paper are explained, and the prospect is put forward.
【学位授予单位】：四川外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H146.3

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