英汉左边缘结构对比研究

发布时间：2018-05-28 08:04

本文选题：左边缘 + 汉语　；参考：《天津工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本论文试图在生成语法理论框架下探讨英语和汉语的左边缘结构的句法表现、特征、句法结构和句法生成。文章旨在通过对英语和汉语的左边缘结构相关问题的分析来比较这些句法结构的内在差异,借此希望能用本论文的研究成果解释复杂的疑问词前置及左边缘现象,并对今后的相关研究尽点绵薄之力。本文的第一部分析了英语和汉语的左边缘结构及其生成过程。首先,分析汉语焦点结构:"是"字结构。本文考察和分析了这两种结构的语言事实,在此基础上对这两种结构的句法分布和句法限制进行总结和概括,并对其表现出来的相关特征进行了对比研究。结果表明,这种焦点结构的句法表现存在差异。作者在分析汉语焦点结构时,采用了 Rizzi提出的焦点结构句法分布,即为:[TopP...[FocP...[IP...[VP...]]]]。焦点标记"是",受焦点化特征[+F]的驱使直接从词库中抽取占据焦点短语FocP的功能中心语位置。本论文的第二部分对英汉左边缘结构进行了研究。尽管自然语言中普遍存在疑问句,各种语言间对疑问范畴的表达大不相同。在"原则——参数"理论框架下,我们对疑问句系统的研究紧紧围绕以下问题:表达英汉两种语言差异的疑问句参数是什么?这些参数存在于那些句子成分中?寻找这些参数对于研究英汉语左边缘结构的意义如何?文章在结尾部分将"原则——参数"理论运用到对英汉左边缘结构的分析中,进一步证明了该理论的普遍适用性。我们在对英汉左边缘结构及其特性的对比分析基础上,获取了表现英汉两种语言类型学意义语言差异的参数,即,英语的移位是显性移位,汉语的疑问词前置是隐形移位。这就意味着英语和汉语的疑问词前置都是通过移位形成的。
[Abstract]:This thesis attempts to explore the syntactic representation, characteristics, syntactic structure and syntactic generation of the left edge structure of English and Chinese within the framework of generative grammar theory. The purpose of this paper is to compare the internal differences of these syntactic structures by analyzing the problems related to the left edge structure of English and Chinese in order to explain the complex phenomenon of preposition and left edge of interrogative words with the results of this thesis. And to the future of the relevant research to do a small amount of power. The first part analyzes the left edge structure of English and Chinese and its generating process. First of all, analyze the Chinese focus structure: the word "is" structure. This paper examines and analyzes the linguistic facts of the two structures, summarizes and generalizes the syntactic distribution and syntactic limitations of the two structures, and makes a comparative study of their relative characteristics. The results show that there are differences in syntactic representation of this focus structure. In the analysis of Chinese focus structure, the syntactic distribution of focus structure proposed by Rizzi is [TopP. [FocP. [IP. [VP.]. The focus marker "yes" is driven by the focus feature [F] to extract the functional center position of the focus phrase FocP directly from the lexicon. The second part of this thesis studies the left edge structure in English and Chinese. Despite the widespread existence of interrogative sentences in natural languages, the expression of interrogative categories varies widely among languages. Under the framework of "principle-parameter" theory, our research on interrogative sentence system focuses on the following questions: what are the parameters of the interrogative sentence expressing the differences between English and Chinese? What elements do these parameters exist in? What is the significance of finding these parameters for the study of the left edge structure in English and Chinese? At the end of the paper, the "principle-parameter" theory is applied to the analysis of the left edge structure in English and Chinese, which further proves the universal applicability of the theory. Based on the contrastive analysis of the left edge structure and its characteristics in English and Chinese, we obtain the parameters that show the linguistic differences between English and Chinese in terms of typology, that is, the shift of English is explicit, and the preposition of interrogative words in Chinese is implicit. This means that the preposition of interrogative words in English and Chinese is formed by shift.
【学位授予单位】：天津工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H146.3;H314.3

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