事件结构影响语言产出：来自汉语事件相似性的结构启动研究

发布时间：2018-06-05 16:55

本文选题：语言产出 + 事件结构　；参考：《广东外语外贸大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：语言的产出分为三个阶段:概念生成(或称言语计划)、句法生成以及发音。在概念生成这个前言语信息阶段,概念是如何生成的?概念生成后如何投射到语言、形成句法结构?这个问题还较少有人研究。有限的研究也是集中在英语及其相关语言。本文以事件结构的相似性为载体,探讨事件结构在汉语产出中的作用。它主要回答以下研究问题:在汉语母语者语言产出的言语计划阶段,事件结构是否得到激活?如果得到激活,那么激活后的事件结构如何投射到句法结构?本文设计了三个结构启动实验。每个实验都以描述带有事件相似性的图片为目标事件,被试产出汉语句子。在目标图片呈现之前,呈现三种不同类型的启动图片:类型一,包含与目标事件相同动作的事件;类型二,包含与目标事件相似动作的事件;类型三,启动事件动作与目标事件完全不同。三个实验分别以汉语一般主动句/把字句、一般主动句/被字句以及一般主动句/给字句对比展开。三个实验的结果表明:1)在主动句(包含一般主动句和把字句)和被字句的启动实验中,事件相似性都有显著的主效应;2)在主动句和被字句的启动实验中,启动效应随着事件相似性程度的提高而增强,相同事件启动效应强于相似事件,相似事件的启动效应强于不同事件;3)给字句的启动实验中,事件相似性的启动效应不显著。这些实验结果显示,汉语说话者能够探测到事件的相似关系,激活头脑中的事件结构,继而对语言结构的选择产生影响。在语言产出的过程中,事件结构相似度越高,说话者越容易对信息进行编码和加工,因此更倾向使用相似事件的语言结构。表明除了句法结构,事件结构也会影响说话者对语言结构的选择。这一结果支持了前人关于概念结构对句子产生影响的研究。而另一方面,事件结构相似性对于说话者比较陌生的给字句却没有启动效应,表明在从概念结构向语言结构投射的过程中,词条也参与到了句法结构的建构。使用频率过低的词条会对构式的理解产生影响,阻碍的启动的发生。
[Abstract]:The output of language is divided into three stages: concept generation (or speech plan), syntactic generation and pronunciation. How is concept generated in the pre speech information phase of concept generation? How does concept project to language and form syntactic structure after the concept generation? This problem is still less studied. Limited research is also focused on English and its correlation. Language. This paper, taking the similarity of event structure as the carrier, explores the role of event structure in Chinese output. It mainly answers the following questions: is the event structure activated in the speech planning stage of Chinese native speakers? If it is activated, how can the event structure be projected to the syntactic structure? This article is set up in this paper. Three structural start experiments are taken. Each experiment takes the picture with event similarity as the target event, and the subjects produce Chinese sentences. Before the target picture is presented, three different types of startup pictures are presented: type one, including events that are the same as the target event; type two, including events similar to the target event. Type three, the action of the starting event is completely different from the target event. The three experiments are compared with the Chinese general active sentence / sentence, the general active sentence / sentence and the general active sentence / sentence. The results of the three experiments show that: 1) the events are similar in the initiating experiment of the active sentence (including the general active sentence and the word sentence) and the sentence. There is a significant main effect in sex; 2) in the initiation experiment of the active sentence and the sentence, the starting effect is enhanced with the increase of the degree of the event similarity, the starting effect of the same event is stronger than the similar event, and the starting effect of the similar events is stronger than the different events; 3) the starting effect of the event similarity is not significant in the starting experiment of the word sentence. These facts are not significant. The results show that Chinese speakers can detect the similar relationship of events, activate the event structure in the mind, and then influence the choice of language structure. In the process of language production, the higher the similarity of the event structure, the more easy the speaker is to encode and add to the information, so it is more inclined to use the language structure of similar events. In addition to the syntactic structure, the event structure also affects the speaker's choice of language structure. This result supports previous studies on the influence of conceptual structure on sentences. On the other hand, the similarity of event structure has no starting effect for the speaker's more strange words, indicating that it is projected from the conceptual structure to the language structure. In the process, entries are also involved in the construction of syntactic structure. The use of too low entries will have an impact on the understanding of constructions and impede the initiation.
【学位授予单位】：广东外语外贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H146.3

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