韩汉“之”字型四字故事成语对比研究

发布时间：2018-06-10 09:17

本文选题：韩国 + 中国　；参考：《四川外国语大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：韩国和中国一衣带水,又处在相同的的汉字文化圈,所以自古以来经常使用汉字和成语。故事成语包含丰富的历史、教训和经验,在成语中占据很大的比重。查找《故事成语大词典》可以发现共有3359个故事成语,其中含有“之”字的成语有524个,占了全书的15.60%。虽然故事成语中“之”字有很多,但是关于“之”字型四字故事成语的研究很难找到。本文以韩中“之”字型四字故事成语为研究对象,在形态和意义等方面进行了对比研究。第一章是序论部分,考察了研究的必要性、研究对象、研究方法和现有的研究成果。第二章考察了故事成语的定义和由来。第三章是本文的重点。第一节首先对韩中“之”字型四字故事成语中占据92.19%的“OO之O”型故事成语进行了对比研究。具体分为形态一致和形态不一致两种情况,形态一致的情况下又分为意义一致,意义相似和意义不同,形态不一致的情况下又根据不同字数进行了对比研究。通过统计分析得出了一字不同时“ABCX”形式最多占了39.74%,两字不同时“XYAB”形式最多占了35.72%。第二节和第三节分别对“O之OO”型和“OOO之”型故事成语进行了形态和意义上的对比研究,因为“之”字的用法主要为结构助词,所以此两种形态的故事成语数量较少,对比内容较‘OO之O’型来说略显简短。最后第四章是本文的结论部分。通过对比韩汉“之”字型四字故事成语,作者发现在形态和意义上产生差异的原因不同。首先从意义层面来看,一是两国对相对应的故事成语产生的背景和深层含义的理解不同而产生的意义差异。二是借自汉语的韩语成语因为自身的民族文化、语言习惯、环境等而产生不同的含义理解。其次从形态层面来看,一是由于两国对故事成语的原文出处的概括方式不同,所选用的文字不同而产生的形态差异。二是因为在形成故事成语时韩语比汉语更习惯于使用名词化短语。本文通过对韩中“之”字型四字故事成语在形态和意义上的对比研究,希望可以对学习韩语的中国人有所帮助。作者认为如果可以灵活使用故事成语的话,将会使韩语学习变得更加容易和有趣。
[Abstract]:Korea and China are in the same cultural circle of Chinese characters, so they often use Chinese characters and idioms since ancient times. Story idioms contain rich history, lessons and experiences, and occupy a large proportion in idioms. By searching the Dictionary of Story idioms, we can find that there are 3359 story idioms, among which there are 524 idioms containing the word "Zhi", accounting for 15.60% of the whole book. Although there are many characters in story idioms, it is difficult to find the four-character story idioms. This paper makes a comparative study on the four-character story idioms of Korean and Chinese characters in terms of form and meaning. The first chapter is the part of preface, which examines the necessity, research object, research methods and existing research results. The second chapter examines the definition and origin of story idioms. The third chapter is the focus of this paper. In the first section, the author makes a comparative study on the "O of OO" type idioms, which account for 92.19% of the four-character story idioms of Korean and Chinese characters. It is divided into two kinds of cases: morphological consistency and morphological inconsistency. In the case of morphological consistency, it is divided into two categories: the meaning is consistent, the meaning is similar and the meaning is different, and in the case of different morphology, the comparative study is carried out according to the different number of words. Through statistical analysis, it is concluded that "ABCX" form occupies 39.74% at most, and "XYAB" form occupies 35.72% at the same time. The second and third sections make a comparative study on the form and meaning of "O's OO" and "OOO" story idioms, respectively, because the usage of "Zhi" is mainly structural auxiliary, so the number of story idioms of these two forms is relatively small. The contrast content is slightly shorter than the Oo type. The last chapter is the conclusion of this paper. By contrasting the four-character story idioms of Han and Han, the author finds that there are different reasons for the differences in form and meaning. First of all, from the meaning level, the two countries have different understanding of the background and deep meaning of the corresponding story idioms. Second, Korean idioms from Chinese have different meanings because of their national culture, language habits and environment. Secondly, from the aspect of morphology, the two countries have different ways of generalizing the source of the story idioms and different characters. The second reason is that Korean is more accustomed to use nominalized phrases than Chinese in forming story idioms. Through the comparative study on the form and meaning of the four-character story idioms of Korean and Chinese characters, this paper hopes to be helpful to the Chinese people who learn Korean. The author thinks that if the idiom of the story can be used flexibly, it will make the learning of Korean easier and more interesting.
【学位授予单位】：四川外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：H55;H136.3

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