汉语有标说明性因果复句的多维考察

发布时间：2018-06-15 12:27

本文选题：说明性因果复句 + 语体　；参考：《湖南科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：说明性因果复句是因果类复句下位的一个小类,是汉语复句系统里非常重要的一类复句。目前为止,学界对因果复句的研究较为全面,但对其下小类的研究成果较少。基于此,本文尝试分语体对汉语有标说明性因果复句进行考察,为因果复句的研究提供些许依据。本文主要从关联标记、语体、历时变化三个视角对汉语有标说明性因果复句进行考察。从因句和果句的语序来看,“因-果”式复句是有标说明性因果复句的优势句式,但“果-因”式复句的使用频率也不低,这两种句式类型的存在,我们都可以用认知规律的象似性原理来解释;从关联标记的数量来看,单标式复句在有标说明性因果复句中占主体地位,双标式复句次之,多标式复句的使用频率极低,这说明人们在表达时遵循语用的经济性原则;从关联标记模式来看,居中粘接式在有标说明性因果复句中占优势,其次是居端依赖式,最后是前后配套式,这符合“联系项居中原则”,而深层原因是受象似性原理和经济性原则的双重影响。从语体的角度来看,各语体中都是单标式复句、居中粘接式复句、“因-果”式复句占优势,但各种说明性因果复句在四种语体中的分布也存在一定的差异:科技语体擅长逻辑推理,其“因-果”式、配套多标式使用最高;新闻语体传播新闻事实,其居端依赖式与居中粘接式的使用频率相当;文学语体包容度高,对于各句式的选择最灵活;口语语体用于口耳相传,其单标式、居中粘接式、“果-因”式表达使用频率最高,这表明语体对语言有一定的制约作用。从历史变化的角度看,汉语因果复句在历史的演变中,关联标记间的配合愈来愈灵活,句式愈来愈多,体系愈来愈庞大;汉语的内在自我调节使得因果关联标记越来越趋于口语化、双音节化;而因为人类的认知惰性,居中粘接式复句一直占优势;同时我们发现,汉语有标说明性因果复句的关联标记具有一定的替代性,从古沿用至今的复句句式很少。
[Abstract]:Declarative causality complex sentence is a subclass of causal complex sentence, and it is a very important complex sentence in Chinese complex sentence system. So far, the academic research on causality complex sentence is more comprehensive, but the research results of its subcategory are less. Based on this, this paper attempts to investigate the marked declarative causality complex sentence in Chinese in different languages, which provides some basis for the study of causality complex sentence. In this paper, we study the Chinese marked causality complex from the perspective of relevance marker, style and diachronic change. In terms of the word order of reason sentence and fruit sentence, "in- effect" complex sentence is the dominant sentence pattern of illustrative causality complex sentence, but the use frequency of "Guo-cause" complex sentence is not low, the existence of these two kinds of sentence types, We can all use the iconicity principle of cognitive law to explain. From the number of correlation markers, the single marker complex sentence occupies the main position in the marked illustrative causality complex sentence, the double label complex sentence takes the second place, and the multi-label complex sentence is used very low frequency. This shows that people follow the economic principle of pragmatics in their expression. From the perspective of the model of relevance markers, the central adhesive is dominant in the marked illustrative causality complex, followed by the residential dependency, and finally the supporting form. This is in line with the principle of intermediation of the associative term, and the deep reason is influenced by the principle of iconicity and the principle of economy. From a stylistic point of view, each style is characterized by single-label complex sentences, intermediate adhesive complex sentences, and "in-effect" complex sentences. However, there are some differences in the distribution of various illustrative causality complex sentences in the four styles: the scientific and technological style is good at logical reasoning, its "cause-effect" style is the highest, and the news style spreads news facts. It has the same frequency of use as the center-dependent type and the centre-bonding type; the literary style has a high tolerance and is the most flexible for the choice of each sentence pattern; the oral style is used in oral transmission, with its single-standard, intermediate adhesive, The expression of "fruit-cause" is the most frequently used, which indicates that language style has a certain restriction on language. From the perspective of historical changes, in the historical evolution of Chinese causality complex sentences, the coordination between the related markers is more and more flexible, the sentence patterns are more and more, and the system is becoming larger and larger. The internal self-regulation of Chinese makes cause-related markers more and more colloquial and disyllabic, and because of the cognitive inertia of human beings, the intermediate cohesive complex sentences have always been dominant. At the same time, we have found that, The correlation markers of Chinese marked illustrative causality complex sentences have a certain substitution, and few complex sentence patterns have been used since ancient times.
【学位授予单位】：湖南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H146.3

【参考文献】