汉字字义衍生系统研究——以《说文解字》为例

发布时间：2018-06-16 03:02

本文选题：意符 + 汉字字义系统　；参考：《中国海洋大学学报(社会科学版)》2017年02期

【摘要】：汉字字义系统具有衍生性的特征。意符是构成汉字合体字的表意单位,从意符到衍生字的发展构成了汉字字义系统的意序模式,笔者在《说文解字》语料库的基础上,坚持以表意为主、兼顾字形分化、突出衍生能力的原则。通过整理分析《说文解字》部首,删减、合并获得了295个意符,这些意符在字形上以象形字为主,字义上反映了汉民族认知系统当中最基础的概念,意符的衍生符合“二八定理”。依据《说文解字》字义结构的实际,借鉴和改造了Pustejovsky“衍生词汇理论”(The Generative Lexicon),对意符义和衍生字本义的关系进行了全面整理,得出同义、形式、组成、描述、事件、受事、功用、文化等八种类型。这八种类型的衍生关系能够覆盖整个《说文解字》正篆的92.6%,对汉字字义系统生成具有很强的解释性。
[Abstract]:Chinese character meaning system has the characteristic of derivation. Signifier is the unit of ideographic meaning that constitutes Chinese characters. The development from signifier to derivative character constitutes the pattern of meaning order of Chinese character meaning system. On the basis of the corpus of Shuowenjiezi, the author insists on giving priority to ideographic meaning and giving consideration to the differentiation of glyph. Stress the principle of derivative ability. By sorting out and analyzing the radical of Shuowen Jie Zi, deleting it, and combining 295 signifiers, which are mainly pictographic characters in the font, the meaning of the characters reflects the most basic concepts in the cognitive system of the Han nationality. The derivation of signifiers accords with the Theorem 28. On the basis of the actual meaning structure of the word "Shuo Wen Jie Zi", this paper uses Pustejovsky's "derivative lexical theory" and reorganizes the generative lexicon, and makes a comprehensive arrangement of the relationship between the meaning of the signifier and the meaning of the derivative word, and obtains the synonyms, forms, composition, description, events and events. Function, culture and other eight types. These eight types of derivative relations can cover the whole "Shuo Wen Jie Zi" Zhuan character 92.662 and have a strong explanation for the generation of Chinese character meaning system.
【作者单位】：厦门大学人文学院;厦门大学嘉庚学院;
【分类号】：H02

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