“好不X”格式的语义探究

发布时间：2018-06-18 17:19

本文选题：好不+X + 格式义　；参考：《上海师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：“好不X”结构是一种特殊的结构,同一个X,在“好不X”结构中可能会有两种相反的意义,一种是肯定意义,此时“好不X”相当于“很X”“多么X”,一种是否定意义,此时“好不X”相当于“很不X”。这种特殊的结构,在实际使用中会给读者带来阅读障碍,让汉语学习者产生困惑,难以辨认词意。此外“好不X”结构有很多值得探索的地方。为什么“好不X”会产生两种截然相反的意义?它又是如何产生的?为什么这样一种会产生歧义的结构能够在历史上长期存在?这些问题一直是“好不X”研究的焦点和难点,从袁宾《近代汉语“好不”考证》初探开始,学者们对“好不X”语料挖掘愈加深入,研究愈加细致,所涉及的理论愈加广泛,然而始终不能得出一个公认的结论。我们尝试从新挖掘出的“好不X”语料中找出其来源的一些线索,尝试从新的角度探究“好不X”的发展演变,尝试用一些新理论去认知“好不X”结构。本文主要分为六大部分:绪论部分主要介绍前人对“好不X”结构的研究成果,以及存在的不足。确定研究的范围和目标,介绍研究的理论和方法。第一章主要探究“好不X”结构的格式义。一个结构有两种语义就会造成阅读和学习的障碍。此外“好X”与“好不X”还有很多交叉之处,更加混论了“好不X”的语义。“好X”和“好不X”既存在等价替换的情况,也存在不可替换的情况。辨析清楚这些语义上的差别是本章的重点。第二章,我们试图探究“好不X”结构的起源和形成动因。前人做过很多探究,我们认为“好不X”实际情况可能要更加复杂。第三章,我们对“好不X”结构的句法分布进行研究。“好不X”可以作独立小句,可以作定语,补语,状语,谓语。“好不X”相比于其他程度副词+X的结构,有着特殊的表达效果。为了能够阐述清楚这一特殊的表达效果,本章从认知理论来探究。第四章主要探究“好不X”语用价值。不管在文学作品中,还是对话交流中,“好不X”都是常见的格式。这也反映了“好不”对于其他程度副词,有自己特殊的语用价值。第五章总结本文的结论并对本文写作过程中涉及到但未及深入讨论的问题进行整理并提出相关的设想和进一步的研究方向。
[Abstract]:The "good or not X" structure is a special kind of structure. The same X, in the "good or not X" structure, may have two opposite meanings, one is the positive meaning, the other is the "good or not X" equivalent to "very X" how "X", and the other is the negative meaning. At this point, "good or not X" is equivalent to "very different X". This kind of special structure will bring reading obstacle to readers in practical use, and make Chinese learners confused and illegible. In addition, the "good or not X" structure has a lot to explore. Why does "good or not X" have two opposite meanings? How did it come about? Why can such a structure that produces ambiguity exist for a long time in history? These problems have always been the focus and difficulty of the study of "good or not X". From the beginning of Yuan Bin's textual Research on Modern Chinese "good or not", scholars have more and more in-depth and meticulous research on the "good or not X" corpus, and the theory involved has become more extensive. However, it is impossible to draw a generally accepted conclusion. We try to find out some clues of its source from the newly excavated "good or not X" corpus, try to explore the development and evolution of "good or not X" from a new angle, and try to use some new theories to recognize the "good or not X" structure. This paper is divided into six parts: the introduction mainly introduces the previous research results of "good or not X" structure, as well as the shortcomings. Determine the scope and objectives of the study, and introduce the theory and method of the study. The first chapter mainly explores the format meaning of "good not X" structure. A structure with two semantics can cause obstacles to reading and learning. Besides, there are many intersections between "good X" and "good X". "good X" and "good X" have both equivalent and irreplaceable conditions. It is the focus of this chapter to distinguish these semantic differences. The second chapter, we try to explore the origin and formation of the structure of "good not X". After a lot of research before, we think that the actual situation of "good or not X" may be more complicated. In the third chapter, we study the syntactic distribution of Haowu X structure. "good X" can be used as an independent clause, as attributive, complement, adverbial, predicate. Compared with the structure of the adverb X of other degree, Haowu X has a special expressive effect. In order to elucidate this particular expression effect, this chapter explores from the cognitive theory. Chapter four explores the pragmatic value of "good or not X". Good or bad X is a common format in literature and dialogue. This also reflects the special pragmatic value of "good or not" for other adverbs. The fifth chapter summarizes the conclusions of this paper and puts forward some ideas and further research directions for the problems involved in the process of writing but not discussed in depth.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H146.3

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