基于物性结构的现代汉语复合名词语义理据研究

发布时间：2018-06-24 16:51

本文选题：复合名词 + 物性结构　；参考：《阜阳师范学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：现代汉语双音复合名词在整个汉语词汇中数量多,功能强,运用广,历来是汉语词汇研究的重点。现有成果多从结构上展开,语义研究稍显薄弱,尤其是语义理据问题。论文以《现代汉语词典》(第六版)为语料依据,以物性结构为主要理论支撑,运用定量统计和定性分析的方法,对现代汉语双音复合名词的语义理据进行系统的考察和解析。不仅是对汉语词汇的理论探索,还是对汉语的实践教学与运用,本文的研究都具有相应的价值。现代汉语双音复合名词,由两个实语素组合而成,语素间具有结构关系。作为名词,复合名词是一种不同于动词、形容词的较稳定的类,涵盖了与词语所指对象的所有百科性知识及概念。语义理据是词义形成的理由和根据,词的理据是用词称呼某事物的理由和依据,两者既有本质不同,又有密切联系。物性结构是生成词库理论的核心,是一种涵盖相关百科性知识的新理论。其主要内容是形式角色、构成角色、功用角色和施成角色。在词语搭配、句法语义理解、多义词和名词分析等方面该理论都体现了理论与实践的双重价值,研究发现,其对现代汉语复合名词的语义理据研究亦具有很强的解释力。对汉语复合名词所蕴含的物性角色进行详细说明可以呈现其语义建构的动态性。复合名词中不同角色的凸显使其区别于其他事物,也是语义建构的依据。由于汉语复合名词语义融合性较强,致使物性角色在语义建构中往往以压缩方式出现。这要求我们在对复合名词语义理据进行解读时补出隐含的内容。物性角色在不同类别的复合名词中所处的地位和所占比重并不一样。人造物类复合名词主要凸显功能角色和施成角色;自然物类复合名词主要凸显形式角色和构成角色。因指称人造类事物的复合名词多于自然类事物,所以形式角色和功用角色占比较大,构成和施成角色次之。尽管物性结构理论在研究汉语复合名词语义理据方面总体上具有很强的理论与实践价值,但在解释汉语历史文化词,带通假字、讳字等的特色词时仍存在局限。
[Abstract]:Disyllabic compound nouns in modern Chinese have been the focus of the study of Chinese vocabulary because of their large number, strong function and wide application. Most of the existing achievements are structured, and the semantic research is weak, especially the semantic motivation. Based on the Modern Chinese Dictionary (sixth edition) and the material structure as the main theoretical support, this paper makes a systematic investigation and analysis of the semantic motivation of disyllabic compound nouns in modern Chinese by means of quantitative statistics and qualitative analysis. Not only the theoretical exploration of Chinese vocabulary, but also the practical teaching and application of Chinese, this study has the corresponding value. In modern Chinese, double-syllable compound nouns are composed of two real morphemes. As a noun, a compound noun is a more stable class different from verbs and adjectives. It covers all encyclopedic knowledge and concepts of objects referred to by words. Semantic motivation is the reason and basis for the formation of word meaning, and the motivation of word is the reason and basis for using words to address something, both of which are different in nature and closely related to each other. Physical structure is the core of lexicon generation theory and a new theory covering related encyclopedic knowledge. Its main content is the form role, the constitution role, the function role and the implementation role. In terms of collocation, syntactic and semantic understanding, polysemy and noun analysis, the theory embodies the dual value of theory and practice. A detailed description of the role of transitivity contained in Chinese compound nouns can present the dynamics of semantic construction. The prominence of different roles in compound nouns distinguishes them from other things, which is also the basis of semantic construction. Because of the strong semantic integration of Chinese compound nouns, the role of transitivity often appears in the form of compression in semantic construction. This requires us to add the implied content when we interpret the semantic motivation of compound nouns. The role of transitivity in different types of compound nouns in the position and proportion of different. Artificial compound nouns mainly highlight functional roles and performing roles, while natural objects compound nouns mainly highlight formal roles and constitutive roles. Because the complex nouns referring to artificial things are more than those of nature, the formal and functional roles occupy a large proportion, followed by the formation and implementation of roles. Although the theory of transitive structure is of great theoretical and practical value in studying the semantic motivation of Chinese compound nouns, there are still some limitations in the interpretation of Chinese historical and cultural words, phonetic characters, taboo words and so on.
【学位授予单位】：阜阳师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H136;H146

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