现代汉语语气副词“不免”“难免”“未免”对比研究

发布时间：2018-07-04 23:47

  本文选题：不免 + 难免　； 参考：《南京师范大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：论文以现代汉语语气副词“不免”“难免”“未免"为研究对象,主要基于对语料库数据的分析和统计,从句法、语义、语用功能三个平面考察三者的异同。句法方面,三者在句中的位置较为灵活,但主要分布在后一分句中。三者都可以与心理动词、形容词等谓词性成分以及主谓短语连用,三者还有各自的特殊结构。此外,三者都可以与否定副词、程度副词、句末语气助词共现。语义方面,三者都对命题的真实性持肯定态度,共同拥有的语义特征是[+肯定]。“不免”更重客观自然,“难免”更重主观因果,“未免”更重主观评价,三者的主观性依次递增,而命题的真实性则递减。语用方面,三者的书面语色彩较为浓重,主要用于陈述句。三者共同的逻辑表达功能是阐明事件与结果间的因果关系,不同之处在于“不免”和“难免”可以增强话语的逻辑性,“未免”只在于增强评价语气。在人际表达功能上,三者都属于委婉的表达方式,使听话人易于接受说话人的言语行为,“不免”和“难免”还可以通过言外之意使听话人采取符合说话人预期的行动。
[Abstract]:Based on the analysis and statistics of corpus data, the thesis studies the similarities and differences among the three aspects of syntactic, semantic and pragmatic functions in modern Chinese mood adverbs "unavoidable" and "unavoidable". Syntactic aspects, the three in the sentence position is more flexible, but mainly distributed in the latter sub-sentence. All three can be used with psychological verbs, adjectives and other predicate elements as well as subject-predicate phrases, and the three have their own special structures. In addition, all three can co-appear with negative adverbs, degree adverbs and final modal auxiliary words. In terms of semantics, all three have a positive attitude towards the authenticity of propositions, and the common semantic features are affirmative. "unavoidable" is more objective and natural, "inevitable" is more important to subjective causality, "rather" is more important to subjective evaluation, the subjectivity of the three is increasing in turn, while the truth of proposition is decreasing. Pragmatics, the three written language color is thick, mainly used for declarative sentences. Their common function of logical expression is to clarify the causal relationship between event and result. The difference is that "unavoidable" and "inevitable" can enhance the logic of the discourse, and the "rather" is only the enhancement of the evaluation mood. In the function of interpersonal expression, all three are euphemistic expressions, which make the hearer accept the speech act of the speaker easily, and "unavoidable" can also make the hearer take the action according to the speaker's expectation through the implication.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：H146.3
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本文编号：2097995