在昆越南留学生汉语学习跨文化适应性的实证研究

发布时间：2018-07-26 21:07

【摘要】：中国地大物博,民族众多,各个民族在不同的省市杂居生活,不同的省市有着不一样的文化、风俗、方言等等,我们在进行外国留学生在中国的跨文化适应性研究的时候,应该将外国留学生与留学地方的实际情况相结合,有针对性的了解外国留学生遇到的跨文化适应性问题。根据文献表明,国内外对外国学生汉语学习的跨文化适应性的研究成果丰硕,但是对来华越南留学生汉语学习的跨文化适应性的研究较少,对于在昆明学习汉语的越南留学生的跨文化适应的研究就更少之又少。鉴于此,本文使用奥伯格、阿德勒和J·贝瑞的跨文化适应相关理论为基础,采取了实证定量问卷调查的方法,对在昆明学习的98个越南留学生的汉语学习的跨文化适应性进行的调查和研究。本文使用SPSS(21.0)统计软件中的频率统计、描写性分析、相关关系、多元线性逐步回归和单因素方差,对调查收集的数据进行了处理。具体分析和讨论了越南留学生在昆跨文化适应性的四个因子,即留学动机因子,生活适应性因子,心理适应性因子和跨文化适应性因子,以及这些因子与越南留学生的汉语期末成绩和汉语水平自我评定的关系。越南留学生的在昆明的生活适应性和跨文化适应性方面适应的较好,处在中等偏上水平,而心理适应性要稍微差一点,基本处于中等水平。越南留学生的综合汉语期末成绩与他们的来昆留学动机有着显著的相关关系,且相关性较弱。越南留学生的汉语水平自我评定与他们的来昆留学动机、生活适应性和跨文化适应性有着显著的相关关系,但相关性较弱。多元回归显示,影响越南留学生汉语水平自我评定和综合汉语期末成绩的一个最重要的预示因子是来华留学动机。另外,本论文还讨论了跨文化适应性的四个因子中个人因素的异同,得出性别在四个因子中都不存在显著差异,不同年龄组之间在留学动机因子和生活适应性因子中存在显著差异,不同的在读年级之间在留学动机因子、生活适应性因子、心理适应性因子和跨文化适应性因子中不存在显著差异和不同的来昆时间之间在留学动机因子中存在显著差异。最后本研究针对越南留学生在昆明学习和生活时遇到的问题,给出意见和建议,以便提高越南留学生在昆明的跨文化适应能力,同时还可以让他们加强对中国文化的理解和认同,并且对在昆越南留学生的管理方面,也能有一定的效果。
[Abstract]:China has a vast territory and a large number of nationalities. Each ethnic group lives in different provinces and cities. Different provinces and cities have different cultures, customs, dialects, and so on. We are conducting a cross-cultural adaptation study of foreign students in China. Foreign students should be combined with the actual situation in the places where they study, so as to understand the cross-cultural adaptability problems encountered by foreign students. According to the literature, the research on cross-cultural adaptability of foreign students' Chinese learning is fruitful at home and abroad, but there is little research on cross-cultural adaptability of Vietnamese students in China. There are few studies on cross-cultural adaptation of Vietnamese students studying Chinese in Kunming. In view of this, this paper uses Oberger, Adler and J. Berry's cross-cultural adaptation theory as the basis, and adopts the empirical quantitative questionnaire method. This paper investigates the cross-cultural adaptability of 98 Vietnamese students studying in Kunming. Using frequency statistics, descriptive analysis, correlation relation, multivariate linear stepwise regression and single factor variance in SPSS (21. 0) statistical software, the data collected from the investigation are processed in this paper. This paper analyzes and discusses the four factors of Vietnamese students' cultural adaptability in Kunming, that is, motivation factor, life adaptability factor, psychological adaptability factor and cross-cultural adaptability factor. And the relationship between these factors and Chinese final grade and self-assessment of Chinese proficiency of Vietnamese students. The living adaptability and cross-cultural adaptability of Vietnamese students in Kunming are better, at the middle level, but the psychological adaptability is a little worse, basically in the middle level. There is a significant correlation between the comprehensive Chinese final scores of Vietnamese students and their motivation to study in Kunn, and the correlation is weak. There is a significant correlation between the self-assessment of Vietnamese students' Chinese proficiency and their motivation to study in Kun, life adaptability and cross-cultural adaptability, but the correlation is weak. Multiple regression analysis shows that one of the most important predictors of Vietnamese students' Chinese self-assessment and comprehensive Chinese final grade is their motivation to study in China. In addition, this paper also discusses the similarities and differences of individual factors in the four factors of cross-cultural adaptability, and draws the conclusion that there is no significant difference in gender among the four factors. There were significant differences among different age groups in the factors of motivation and adaptability to study abroad, the motivation factors of studying abroad and the factors of life adaptability among different grades. There is no significant difference between psychological adaptability factor and cross-cultural adaptability factor and there is significant difference between different time of coming to Kunming in motivation factor of studying abroad. Finally, according to the problems encountered by Vietnamese students studying and living in Kunming, the paper gives some suggestions and suggestions in order to improve the cross-cultural adaptability of Vietnamese students in Kunming. At the same time, they can strengthen their understanding and recognition of Chinese culture, and can also have some effect on the management of Vietnamese students in Kunn.
【学位授予单位】：云南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：H195

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