现代汉语“VV看”构式研究
发布时间：2018-07-27 12:13
【摘要】：现代汉语中"VV看"不是动词短语形式,也不属于动词重叠的范畴,而是作为一个新兴的构式出现在语言使用中。因此,本文将"VV看"作为构式来进行探究,主要围绕语义展开论述,同时也涉及它的句法和语用功能。本文先从历时角度来考察了现代汉语"VV看"构式形成的历史基础,认为"W看"的起源是表"测试"义的"看",随后经历"试"和"看"的共现、"试看"和"试VP看",最后"VV看"形式的用法在清代基本固定下来,并延伸出"尝试"和"判断"之义。从共时角度来看,本文以Goldberg为代表的构式语法理论为指导,将《汉语动词用法词典》(1999)中1301个单音节动词义项作为"VV看"构式中动词"V"的考察对象,并结合现代汉语语料来探究"VV看"构式的分布情况、语义属性等,通过归纳其内部"V"和"看"的语义特征,从而得出"VV看"的构式义,即:言者、听者或第三方"尝试做某事"或"通过做某事来验证结果如何"。"VV看"构式所代表的事件共有P1、P2、P3三个阶段,P1和P2阶段对应的"尝试做某事",P2和P3阶段对应的是"通过做某事来验证结果如何"。在考察"W看"的内部语义时发现:"V"有[±可分离]、[±自主性]、[±方向性]三个语义属性,且对"VV看"的限制作用依次递减;"看"的语义属性是[±探究],下位语义属性分别是[士尝试]、[±判断]。从数量上来看,Ⅰa、Ⅰ b1类动词所构成的"VV看"基本呈对半分布的趋势,以[±方向性]作为区别的语义属性;Ⅱ类动词的语义分布并非以某一语义属性作为主要的区分标准,每个小类都至少有一个语义属性。Ⅱa类动词所占比例最高,其主要满足了[+可分离]和[+自主性]两个语义属性。从事件的绝对时间角度来看,"VV看"事件实际发生或确定不发生时,属于现实性情状;当"VV看"事件无法确定是否可以发生时,属于非现实情状。单句中的"VV看"一般表现为非现实情况;如果根据上下文的语境,"VV看"事件则有可能有依据被判断具有现实性情状。此外,当"VV看"的非现实性突显时,它的语义弱化,主要起语用上的提醒或注意功能。
[Abstract]:In modern Chinese, "VV view" is not a verb phrase form, nor is it a category of verb reduplication, but appears as a new construction in language use. Therefore, this paper explores VV view as a construction, mainly focusing on semantics and its syntactic and pragmatic functions. This paper first examines the historical basis of the formation of "VV view" construction in modern Chinese from a diachronic point of view. The author thinks that the origin of "W look" is the "look" of the meaning of "test", then experience the co-occurrence of "test" and "see", "try" and "try VP see". Finally, the usage of "VV look" is basically fixed in the Qing Dynasty. And extend the meaning of "try" and "judge". From the synchronic point of view, this paper, guided by the construction grammar theory represented by Goldberg, takes the meaning of 1301 monosyllabic verbs in the Dictionary of Chinese verb usage (1999) as the object of investigation of the verb "V" in the construction of "VV". Combining with the modern Chinese corpus, this paper probes into the distribution and semantic attributes of the construction of "VV look", and concludes the semantic characteristics of "V" and "see" within it, and then obtains the construction meaning of "VV view", that is, the speaker, and so on. A listener or a third party "tries to do something" or "to verify the result by doing something". The "VV look" construction represents a total of three stages, P1 and P2, corresponding to the "try to do something" stage. Have done sth to verify the result. It is found that "V" has three semantic attributes: [卤detachable], [卤autonomy], [卤directivity], "V" has three semantic attributes: [卤detachability], [卤autonomy], [卤directivity]. And the limiting effect of "VV look" decreases in turn, the semantic attribute of "see" is [卤inquiry], and the lower semantic attribute is "try" and "卤judgment" respectively. From a quantitative point of view, the "VV look" composed of 鈪，
本文编号：2147788
[Abstract]:In modern Chinese, "VV view" is not a verb phrase form, nor is it a category of verb reduplication, but appears as a new construction in language use. Therefore, this paper explores VV view as a construction, mainly focusing on semantics and its syntactic and pragmatic functions. This paper first examines the historical basis of the formation of "VV view" construction in modern Chinese from a diachronic point of view. The author thinks that the origin of "W look" is the "look" of the meaning of "test", then experience the co-occurrence of "test" and "see", "try" and "try VP see". Finally, the usage of "VV look" is basically fixed in the Qing Dynasty. And extend the meaning of "try" and "judge". From the synchronic point of view, this paper, guided by the construction grammar theory represented by Goldberg, takes the meaning of 1301 monosyllabic verbs in the Dictionary of Chinese verb usage (1999) as the object of investigation of the verb "V" in the construction of "VV". Combining with the modern Chinese corpus, this paper probes into the distribution and semantic attributes of the construction of "VV look", and concludes the semantic characteristics of "V" and "see" within it, and then obtains the construction meaning of "VV view", that is, the speaker, and so on. A listener or a third party "tries to do something" or "to verify the result by doing something". The "VV look" construction represents a total of three stages, P1 and P2, corresponding to the "try to do something" stage. Have done sth to verify the result. It is found that "V" has three semantic attributes: [卤detachable], [卤autonomy], [卤directivity], "V" has three semantic attributes: [卤detachability], [卤autonomy], [卤directivity]. And the limiting effect of "VV look" decreases in turn, the semantic attribute of "see" is [卤inquiry], and the lower semantic attribute is "try" and "卤judgment" respectively. From a quantitative point of view, the "VV look" composed of 鈪，
本文编号：2147788
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