语域视阈下的政务微博语篇研究

发布时间：2018-08-16 10:01

【摘要】：近几年微博的快速发展吸引了越来越多人的使用,其创新的传播机制、方便快捷的传播模式、以及短小精炼的文本使得微博语言形成了自己独有的特征,因此,许多学者开始从不同的视角研究微博语言。微博的快速发展也为越来越多的政府机构和官员提供了 “网络执政”的平台,为了更好地与民众互动,政务微博的语言也具有其独特的特征。然而,对政务微博语篇的研究相对较少,因此,笔者从语域理论的视角对政务微博语篇的语言特征进行了研究。本文从新浪微博中选取了 100条政务微博语篇为语料,并以韩礼德提出的语域理论作为基础,通过定量和定性相结合的方法对政务微博语篇的语域特点进行分类、识别、标记、统计和分析,试图解答本文的四个研究问题:(1)政务微博语篇的语场特征是什么?(2)政务微博语篇的语旨特征是什么?(3)政务微博语篇的语式特征是什么?(4)政务微傅语篇的语场、语旨、语式是怎样互动的?研究结果表明:(1)政务微博语篇的语场涵盖的主题范围广,涉及到国家与社会生活的方方面面,不仅包含技术类语场,还包含非技术类语场。技术类语场中官方公告、新闻资讯、外宣、警示建议、和科普为主题的语篇占多数,语言基本上比较专业、正式,是标准的书面语言,同时适当吸收一些常见的口语表达,多用陈述句和祈使句等句式,疑问句使用较少。非技术类语场中娱乐消遣为主题的语篇占大多数,语言更加口语化和非正式化,用词简单,句式短小。(2)政务微博语篇的语旨特征可通过情态动词和称呼语来实现。不论在技术类语场或非技术类语场中,低值的情态动词更为常用,可以拉近政府与网民的距离,表达了政府与网民之间的平等关系。相对少量的高值情态动词的使用显示了政府的权威性,体现了政府和网民的权力关系。称呼语在政务微博语篇中使用频繁,包含使用者对自己的称呼和对网民的称呼。非正式的称呼语使用能够降低政府高高在上的地位,与网民更好地互动,体现了政府与网民之间的平等关系。(3)政务微博语篇中的语式特征可分为语言类和非语言类。在语言类特征中,语音方面,谐音词、方言词、拟声词和重叠词大量出现;词汇方面,新造词、外来词、缩略词、词形变换和词义转换被频繁使用;句法方面,主语省略和非常规句大量出现。在非语言类特征中,表情符号、图片、动图、视频和链接都是常用的传递信息的方法。其中,图片和表情符号在技术类和非技术类语场中最常使用。这些非语言类语式的使用使得微博语篇更加生动形象,信息传递更加直接、精确、便捷、有趣。(4)政务微博语篇的语场、语旨、语式相互联系,共同决定了政务微博语篇的特征。政务微博正是通过在不同的语场下,运用不同的情态动词和称呼语等语言形式表达语旨特征,同时采取不同的语式多样化地传递信息,从而实现与民众的高效交流,提升政府的公信力与亲民性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the rapid development of micro-blogging has attracted more and more people to use it. Its innovative communication mechanism, convenient and fast communication mode, and short and refined text make the micro-blogging language form its own unique characteristics. Therefore, many scholars began to study the micro-blogging language from different perspectives. Government agencies and officials provide a platform for "network governance". In order to interact with the public better, the language of government micro-blog also has its unique characteristics. However, the study of government micro-blog discourse is relatively rare. Therefore, the author studies the linguistic features of government micro-blog discourse from the perspective of register theory. Based on Halliday's register theory, 100 government micro-blog texts are selected as the corpus, and the register features of government micro-blog texts are classified, identified, marked, statistically analyzed by combining quantitative and qualitative methods. The four research questions in this paper are as follows: (1) What is the field characteristics of government micro-blog texts? (2) What are the tenor features of government micro-blogging discourse? (3) What are the stylistic features of government micro-blogging discourse? (4) How does the field, tenor and style of government micro-blogging discourse interact? The results show that: (1) The field of government micro-blogging discourse covers a wide range of topics, involving all aspects of national and social life, and includes not only technical categories. In the technical field, official announcements, news information, publicity, warning suggestions, and popular science are the main themes of the discourse. The language is basically professional, formal and standard written language. At the same time, some common spoken expressions are appropriately absorbed, such as declarative and imperative sentences are used more frequently, and interrogative sentences are used more frequently. (2) The tenor features of government micro-blog discourse can be realized by modal verbs and address forms. Whether in technical or non-technical fields, low-valued modal verbs are more commonly used and can be used. Close the distance between the government and the netizens and express the equal relationship between the government and the netizens. A relatively small number of high-value modal verbs show the authority of the government and reflect the power relationship between the government and the netizens. Address terms are frequently used in government micro-blog texts, including the user's own address and the netizens'address. (3) The linguistic and non-linguistic features of government micro-blog discourse can be divided into linguistic and non-linguistic categories. New words, loanwords, abbreviations, morphemes, and word meaning conversions are frequently used; and syntactically, Subject Ellipsis and unconventional sentences are frequently used. The use of these non-linguistic forms makes the micro-blog discourse more vivid, more direct, accurate, convenient and interesting. (4) The field, tenor and style of the government micro-blog discourse are interrelated, which together determine the characteristics of the government micro-blog discourse. Verbs and address forms express tenor features, and at the same time adopt different linguistic forms to transmit information, so as to achieve efficient communication with the people and enhance the credibility of the government and the people.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H15

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