日韩留学生汉语时间词语偏误分析
发布时间：2018-09-07 13:02
【摘要】：本文在研究过程中密切联系对外汉语教材,以二语习得理论为基础,从偏误分析和对比分析的角度出发,结合前人的研究,将时间词语分为时间词和时间短语两大类。其中时间词主要是时间名词,时间短语包括表时间概念的名词短语、方位短语、介词短语、由指示词“这、那”与时间词语组合而成的短语。本文从北京语言大学的《HSK动态作文语料库》中搜集日本和韩国留学生的作文共7377篇,运用第二语言习得理论,采取偏误分析和对比分析的研究方法,研究了日韩留学生时间词语的偏误类型和产生偏误的原因,提出一些具有针对性的教学建议。通过对语料的分析研究,我们发现日本和韩国留学生在使用时间词语表达时间概念时的主要偏误是误代、遗漏、生造、错序和冗余五种类型。其中,误代数量最多,所占比例最大,其次是遗漏、生造、错序和冗余。本文运用偏误分析和对比分析的研究方法,从时间词和时间短语两个方面具体分析了上述五种偏误类型的表现情况,并对偏误进行了纠正。本文通过对日韩留学生时间词语偏误的研究,进一步对日韩留学生汉语时间词语的偏误进行了原因分析,并将其分为内部因素和外部因素。内部因素主要包括母语知识的负迁移,目的语知识的过度泛化,汉语时间词语的灵活性、特殊性和汉语的经济性,以及留学生认知策略对汉语学习的影响。外部因素主要包括教师教学对留学生汉语学习的影响以及教学所用教材和学生所用工具书对其汉语学习的影响。根据对日本和韩国留学生在汉语时间词语方面的偏误类型和偏误原因的分析,本文提出了三项留学生时间词语教学的建议,即尝试运用对比辨析的教学方法,在教学中注重结构化教学,指导留学生正确使用学习策略,并对对外汉语教材的编写和词典的编纂也提出了一些有益的建议。
[Abstract]:Based on the theory of second language acquisition and from the perspective of error analysis and comparative analysis, this paper divides time words into two categories: time words and time phrases. Time words are mainly temporal nouns, and temporal phrases include noun phrases, locative phrases, prepositional phrases, and phrases combined with time words, which are composed of the demonstrative word "this, that" and the temporal word. This paper collects 7377 compositions of Japanese and Korean students from the HSK dynamic composition Corpus of Beijing language and language University. Using the theory of second language acquisition, the author adopts the methods of error analysis and contrastive analysis. This paper studies the types of errors and the causes of errors in time words of Japanese and Korean students, and puts forward some pertinent teaching suggestions. Through the analysis and study of the corpus, we find that the main errors of Japanese and Korean students in using time words to express the concept of time are wrong generation, omission, creation, wrong order and redundancy. Among them, the number of false generation is the most, the proportion is the largest, followed by omissions, birth, order and redundancy. By using the methods of error analysis and contrastive analysis, this paper analyzes the performance of the above five types of errors from two aspects of time words and time phrases, and corrects them. Based on the study of the errors of time words of Japanese and Korean students, this paper further analyzes the causes of errors in Chinese words of Japanese and Korean students, and divides them into internal and external factors. Internal factors mainly include the negative transfer of mother tongue knowledge, the overgeneralization of target language knowledge, the flexibility, particularity and economy of Chinese language, and the influence of foreign students' cognitive strategies on Chinese learning. The external factors mainly include the influence of teachers' teaching on foreign students' Chinese learning and the influence of teaching materials and reference books used by students on their Chinese learning. Based on the analysis of the types of errors and the causes of errors of Japanese and Korean students in Chinese time words, this paper puts forward three suggestions for the teaching of time words for foreign students, that is, to try to use the teaching method of comparative discrimination. In the course of teaching, the author pays attention to structured teaching, instructs foreign students to use learning strategies correctly, and puts forward some useful suggestions for compiling textbooks and compiling dictionaries for Chinese as a foreign language.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H195.3
本文编号：2228339
[Abstract]:Based on the theory of second language acquisition and from the perspective of error analysis and comparative analysis, this paper divides time words into two categories: time words and time phrases. Time words are mainly temporal nouns, and temporal phrases include noun phrases, locative phrases, prepositional phrases, and phrases combined with time words, which are composed of the demonstrative word "this, that" and the temporal word. This paper collects 7377 compositions of Japanese and Korean students from the HSK dynamic composition Corpus of Beijing language and language University. Using the theory of second language acquisition, the author adopts the methods of error analysis and contrastive analysis. This paper studies the types of errors and the causes of errors in time words of Japanese and Korean students, and puts forward some pertinent teaching suggestions. Through the analysis and study of the corpus, we find that the main errors of Japanese and Korean students in using time words to express the concept of time are wrong generation, omission, creation, wrong order and redundancy. Among them, the number of false generation is the most, the proportion is the largest, followed by omissions, birth, order and redundancy. By using the methods of error analysis and contrastive analysis, this paper analyzes the performance of the above five types of errors from two aspects of time words and time phrases, and corrects them. Based on the study of the errors of time words of Japanese and Korean students, this paper further analyzes the causes of errors in Chinese words of Japanese and Korean students, and divides them into internal and external factors. Internal factors mainly include the negative transfer of mother tongue knowledge, the overgeneralization of target language knowledge, the flexibility, particularity and economy of Chinese language, and the influence of foreign students' cognitive strategies on Chinese learning. The external factors mainly include the influence of teachers' teaching on foreign students' Chinese learning and the influence of teaching materials and reference books used by students on their Chinese learning. Based on the analysis of the types of errors and the causes of errors of Japanese and Korean students in Chinese time words, this paper puts forward three suggestions for the teaching of time words for foreign students, that is, to try to use the teaching method of comparative discrimination. In the course of teaching, the author pays attention to structured teaching, instructs foreign students to use learning strategies correctly, and puts forward some useful suggestions for compiling textbooks and compiling dictionaries for Chinese as a foreign language.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H195.3
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