现代汉语“再X也Y”格式研究
发布时间：2018-10-08 08:23
【摘要】：本文在前人研究的基础上,对“再X也Y”格式的句法分类、构件成分和语义类型进行分析,并对其认知特点以及与相关格式的关系进行研究。“再X也Y”可以分为基本类型和特殊形式。根据X词性的不同,基本类型分为：再AP也Y、再VP也Y、再NP也Y、再XP也Y。特殊形式包括：“再1再2……再nX+也Y”和“再X1再X2……再Xn+也Y”。AP、VP、NP都能进入该格式充当X,其中AP必须是变量形容词,至于VP,绝大部分动作动词都是可以的,心理动词则要有明显的积极/消极倾向,其他意义类动词进入该格式一般要与其他成分相结合。进入该格式的NP,可以是具有描述性的名词,也可以是一般的“形+名”组成的定中结构或由特定动词与名词组成的具有表性状特点的短语。对进入该格式的Y立足于肯定与否定的视角来分析。表示肯定的Y,在“也”后面常常跟上情态动词、副词“只”以及由“只”衍生出的虚词和“是”。以彭利贞的情态语义为基础,可能性程度越高的认识情态动词越容易进入“再X也Y”,道义情态动词的道义等级程度越高,进入“再X也Y”的可能性越大,而动力情态动词由于没有强度等级之分,再加上表示意愿的情态动词往往也用来表示假设的和未来的时间,这一点和“再X也Y”格式义相容,所以一般都能进入。表示否定的Y,呈现的表现形式有两类：一是通过否定标记词“不”来实现,二是通过可能补语否定式来实现。根据“再X”表限量还是极量,“再X也Y”有两种格式义。当X包含数量成分(主观限量)、量词“些、点”或“比”字成分,格式义为：即使X的性状、行为的程度达到一定量,不会改变后面的结果Y；其他情况下,X为AP、VP、NP和XP时,格式义为：即使X的性状、行为的程度达到极量,也不会改变后面的结果Y。从认知角度看,利用Fauconnier的“梯级模型”对该格式进行分析,在一个认知域矩阵里,利用突显的“X的行为、性状的程度达到限量/极量,Y保持不变”来转喻“不管X的行为、性状怎么变化,Y始终具有周遍义”。
[Abstract]:On the basis of previous studies, this paper analyzes the syntactic classification, component components and semantic types of the "reX-Y" format, and studies its cognitive characteristics and the relationship with related formats. Re-X and Y can be divided into basic types and special forms. According to the difference of X part of speech, the basic types can be divided into three types: AP, VP, NP, and XP. Special forms include: "again 1 and 2." Then nX also Y "and" again X1 and X2. Then Xn is also Y ".APN VPNs can enter this format to act as Xs, where AP must be variable adjectives, as for VP, most action verbs are OK, and psychological verbs should have an obvious positive / negative tendency. Other meaning verbs entering this format are generally combined with other elements. The NP, entering this format may be a descriptive noun, a general "form and name" structure or a phrase consisting of specific verbs and nouns with the characteristics of a tabular character. To enter this format Y based on the positive and negative perspective to analyze. The positive Y often follows the modal verb, the adverb "only" and the function word "yes" derived from "only" after "also". Based on Peng Lizhen's modal semantics, the more probable the cognitive modal verb is, the easier it is to enter "re-X and Y", and the higher the deontic grade of the deontic modal verb is, the more likely it is to enter "re-X also Y". But the dynamic modal verb has no grade of intensity, plus the modal verb of will is often used to express the hypothetical and future time, which is compatible with the meaning of "again X and Y", so it can generally enter. There are two forms of expression for negative Y: one is realized by negative marker "no" and the other is realized by possible complement negation. According to the limit or maximum of the "re X" table, there are two forms of "re X and Y". When X contains a quantitative component (subjective limit), the quantifier "more, dots" or "ratio", the meaning of the format is: even if the character of X has a certain amount of behavior, it will not change the result Y. in other cases, when X is AP,VP,NP and XP, Even if the character of X reaches the maximum level of behavior, it will not change the later result Y. From a cognitive point of view, the format is analyzed by using Fauconnier's "cascade model". In a cognitive domain matrix, "X's behavior, with the degree of the trait reaching the limit / maximum or Y remaining constant," is used to metonymy "regardless of X's behavior." How to change the character of Y always has the meaning of the whole week.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：H146.3
，
本文编号：2256087
[Abstract]:On the basis of previous studies, this paper analyzes the syntactic classification, component components and semantic types of the "reX-Y" format, and studies its cognitive characteristics and the relationship with related formats. Re-X and Y can be divided into basic types and special forms. According to the difference of X part of speech, the basic types can be divided into three types: AP, VP, NP, and XP. Special forms include: "again 1 and 2." Then nX also Y "and" again X1 and X2. Then Xn is also Y ".APN VPNs can enter this format to act as Xs, where AP must be variable adjectives, as for VP, most action verbs are OK, and psychological verbs should have an obvious positive / negative tendency. Other meaning verbs entering this format are generally combined with other elements. The NP, entering this format may be a descriptive noun, a general "form and name" structure or a phrase consisting of specific verbs and nouns with the characteristics of a tabular character. To enter this format Y based on the positive and negative perspective to analyze. The positive Y often follows the modal verb, the adverb "only" and the function word "yes" derived from "only" after "also". Based on Peng Lizhen's modal semantics, the more probable the cognitive modal verb is, the easier it is to enter "re-X and Y", and the higher the deontic grade of the deontic modal verb is, the more likely it is to enter "re-X also Y". But the dynamic modal verb has no grade of intensity, plus the modal verb of will is often used to express the hypothetical and future time, which is compatible with the meaning of "again X and Y", so it can generally enter. There are two forms of expression for negative Y: one is realized by negative marker "no" and the other is realized by possible complement negation. According to the limit or maximum of the "re X" table, there are two forms of "re X and Y". When X contains a quantitative component (subjective limit), the quantifier "more, dots" or "ratio", the meaning of the format is: even if the character of X has a certain amount of behavior, it will not change the result Y. in other cases, when X is AP,VP,NP and XP, Even if the character of X reaches the maximum level of behavior, it will not change the later result Y. From a cognitive point of view, the format is analyzed by using Fauconnier's "cascade model". In a cognitive domain matrix, "X's behavior, with the degree of the trait reaching the limit / maximum or Y remaining constant," is used to metonymy "regardless of X's behavior." How to change the character of Y always has the meaning of the whole week.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：H146.3
，
本文编号：2256087
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