“仍旧”类述宾结构的词汇化与语法化
发布时间：2018-10-11 19:09
【摘要】：本论文以“仍旧”类述宾结构为切入点,综合运用共时与历时、描写与解释、定性分析与定量分析相结合的研究方法,以前人的理论研究为支撑,重点研究“仍旧”类述宾短语的历时演变。全文共分五章。第一章绪论主要介绍选题理由与研究内容、研究现状、研究意义与方法和语料来源。第二章主要论述述宾短语“仍旧”的词汇化与语法化。南北朝时期,随着“旧”发生转喻,述宾短语“仍旧”在线性相连、韵律、组块、高频使用等因素的作用下,词汇化为一个述宾式动词。后在构式“仍旧VP”中,“旧”指称义不断羡余、弱化,“仍旧”的[+反复]语义特征凸显,晚唐五代时期,因常出现在状语位置被重新分析为表示反复义的副词。第三章是述宾短语“依旧”的词汇化与语法化。其过程同“仍旧”在宏观上是类似的,区别在于“依旧”融合之前多了一个褪去介词“于”和“乎”的过程。第四章分别阐述了述宾短语“照旧”、“照样”、“照常”的词汇化与语法化进程。“照旧”经历了和“仍旧”、“依旧”类似的转化历程,即:述宾短语(唐代)→动词(明清时期)→副词(明清时期)。“照样”由述宾短语在连动结构中先词汇化为一个动词(元明),再语法化为一个副词(清代)。融合于明代,此时正好是“照旧”的成熟期,因此“照样”的语法化一定程度上受到了副词“照旧”的类推。“照常”稍晚于“照样”产生,但由于自身种种有利条件及外部大趋势的推动,一开始便淡化了短语阶段,由两解结构词汇化为一个动词(明代),继而语法化为一个副词(明清)。第五章是总结。“仍旧”类述宾短语的源头均为“动词+宾语”。其主要演变路径为:述宾短语→动词→副词。“仍旧”、“依旧”和“照旧”出现的时间最早,三者产生的动因主要是形容词“旧”的转喻引申。“照常”演变的直接动因则是同类结构的类推作用。“照样”产生的直接动因则是“样”的修饰语省略。双音化趋势的类推和高频使用是它们共同的演变动因。“仍旧”类述宾结构词汇化和语法化的机制主要是类推、重新分析和组块。通过对“仍旧”类述宾短语的词汇化与语法化研究,不难发现一条隐形的规律:拥有相同结构且意义相似的副词可能有着相似或相同的演变历程。
[Abstract]:This thesis is based on the structure of "still", which is based on the synchronic and diachronic, description and explanation, qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. Emphasis is placed on the diachronic evolution of the "still" type of object phrases. The full text is divided into five chapters. The first chapter introduces the reasons and contents of the topic, the research status, the significance and methods of the research and the source of the corpus. The second chapter mainly discusses the lexicalization and grammaticalization of the object phrase "still". In the period of Southern and Northern dynasties, with the metonymy of "old", the phrase "still" was changed into a verb of object type under the action of linear connection, rhythm, block formation and high frequency use. In the construction of "still VP", the referential meaning of "old" has been envious and weakened, and the semantic feature of "still" has been highlighted. In the late Tang and five dynasties, the adverbs often appeared in the adverbial position were reanalyzed to express the repeated meanings. The third chapter is the lexicalization and grammaticalization of the object phrase "still". The process is similar to that of "still" on the macro level, except that there is a process in which the prepositions "Yu" and "Hu" are removed before the fusion of "still". The fourth chapter expounds the lexicalization and grammaticalization of the object phrase "as usual", "still" and "as usual" respectively. "as usual" has gone through a similar process of transformation with "still" and "still", that is, the adverb of describing the object phrase (Tang Dynasty) and its verbs (Ming and Qing dynasties). In the conjunctive structure, the verb is changed into a verb (Yuan Ming), and then the grammar is changed into an adverb (Qing Dynasty). Fusion in Ming Dynasty, this is just the mature period of "as usual", so the grammaticalization of "still" is, to some extent, analogous to the adverb "as usual". "as usual" came a little later than "still", but due to its own favorable conditions and the promotion of external trends, the phrase phase was played down from the beginning. The lexicon is changed into a verb (Ming Dynasty) and then grammar into an adverb (Ming and Qing dynasties). The fifth chapter is a summary. The source of the predicate phrase of "still" is "verb object". Its main evolution path is as follows: the adverb of the verb. "still", "still" and "as usual" appeared at the earliest time, the motivation of which was mainly derived from the metonymy of the adjective "old". The direct reason for the evolution of "as usual" is the analogies of the same structure. The direct cause of "still" is the omission of modifiers. Analogies and high-frequency usage are the common reasons for their evolution. The mechanism of lexicalization and grammaticalization of "still" structure is analogy, reanalysis and block formation. Through the study of lexicalization and grammaticalization of "still" predicate phrases, it is not difficult to find an implicit rule that adverbs with the same structure and similar meanings may have similar or identical evolution processes.
【学位授予单位】：温州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：H146
本文编号：2264937
[Abstract]:This thesis is based on the structure of "still", which is based on the synchronic and diachronic, description and explanation, qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. Emphasis is placed on the diachronic evolution of the "still" type of object phrases. The full text is divided into five chapters. The first chapter introduces the reasons and contents of the topic, the research status, the significance and methods of the research and the source of the corpus. The second chapter mainly discusses the lexicalization and grammaticalization of the object phrase "still". In the period of Southern and Northern dynasties, with the metonymy of "old", the phrase "still" was changed into a verb of object type under the action of linear connection, rhythm, block formation and high frequency use. In the construction of "still VP", the referential meaning of "old" has been envious and weakened, and the semantic feature of "still" has been highlighted. In the late Tang and five dynasties, the adverbs often appeared in the adverbial position were reanalyzed to express the repeated meanings. The third chapter is the lexicalization and grammaticalization of the object phrase "still". The process is similar to that of "still" on the macro level, except that there is a process in which the prepositions "Yu" and "Hu" are removed before the fusion of "still". The fourth chapter expounds the lexicalization and grammaticalization of the object phrase "as usual", "still" and "as usual" respectively. "as usual" has gone through a similar process of transformation with "still" and "still", that is, the adverb of describing the object phrase (Tang Dynasty) and its verbs (Ming and Qing dynasties). In the conjunctive structure, the verb is changed into a verb (Yuan Ming), and then the grammar is changed into an adverb (Qing Dynasty). Fusion in Ming Dynasty, this is just the mature period of "as usual", so the grammaticalization of "still" is, to some extent, analogous to the adverb "as usual". "as usual" came a little later than "still", but due to its own favorable conditions and the promotion of external trends, the phrase phase was played down from the beginning. The lexicon is changed into a verb (Ming Dynasty) and then grammar into an adverb (Ming and Qing dynasties). The fifth chapter is a summary. The source of the predicate phrase of "still" is "verb object". Its main evolution path is as follows: the adverb of the verb. "still", "still" and "as usual" appeared at the earliest time, the motivation of which was mainly derived from the metonymy of the adjective "old". The direct reason for the evolution of "as usual" is the analogies of the same structure. The direct cause of "still" is the omission of modifiers. Analogies and high-frequency usage are the common reasons for their evolution. The mechanism of lexicalization and grammaticalization of "still" structure is analogy, reanalysis and block formation. Through the study of lexicalization and grammaticalization of "still" predicate phrases, it is not difficult to find an implicit rule that adverbs with the same structure and similar meanings may have similar or identical evolution processes.
【学位授予单位】：温州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：H146
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