“说不定”及其相关“X不定”的研究

发布时间：2018-10-18 17:58

【摘要】：现代汉语三音节词数量不多,个性特征明显。近年来,越来越受到语言学者的关注。我们看到现代汉语三音节词“说不定”使用频率较高,但是研究的学者不多,因此,本文我们围绕“说不定”,从共时层面和历时角度对其进行分析、描写、探究,以期对其有较为全面的认识。本篇论文我们分为四个章节。第一章节,我们主要对现代汉语“说不定”进行性质判定及描写其句法功能特点。我们认为现代汉语中有三个同形结构的“说不定”,分为作为短语的“说不定1”,作为短语词的“说不定2”以及作为副词的“说不定3”。限于篇幅,我们在第一章中,对“说不定1”和“说不定2”进行了较细致的探究,并比较了两者的相同点和不同之处。第二章节,我们主要分析了完全词汇化了的作为副词的“说不定3”,并且进一步将其定性为评注性副词。在这一章节中,我们着重分析了“说不定3”的句法功能、语义特征以及主观化等方面。第三章节,我们围绕“说不定”,引入了与“说不定”具有相同结构的现代汉语中常用的其他“X不定”,包括“指不定”、“保不定”、“料不定”。在共时层面上,通过这三者与“说不定”的比较分析,揭示这四者的异同,同时更加凸显“说不定”的个性特征。我们看到这四者在句法功能和语义特征上具有极高的一致性,但是,在具体的使用中,也存在一些差异。第四章节,我们从历时演化的角度,以“说不定”一词为主,分析它的历时演化路径,尤其是词汇化历程。当然,我们也对“指不定”、“保不定”、“料不定”的历时演化作了分析、比较。由于这四者在演化路径上呈现出较高的一致性,综合它们各自出现的时间,我们在此引入了“类比语法化”的概念。通过这四个章节的论述,我们基本做到了对“说不定”进行多角度的研究。
[Abstract]:There are few three-syllable words in modern Chinese, and their personality features are obvious. In recent years, more and more linguists pay attention to it. We see that the three syllable word "maybe" is used frequently in modern Chinese, but there are not many scholars studying it. Therefore, we analyze, describe and explore it from a synchronic and diachronic perspective around "maybe". With a view to its more comprehensive understanding. This paper is divided into four chapters. In the first chapter, we judge the nature of Modern Chinese and describe its syntactic function. We think that there are three homomorphic "maybe" in modern Chinese, which can be divided into "maybe 1" as a phrase, "maybe 2" as a phrasal word and "maybe 3" as an adverb. In the first chapter, we make a detailed study of "maybe 1" and "maybe 2", and compare their similarities and differences. In the second chapter, we mainly analyze the complete lexicalization of "maybe 3" as an adverb, and further characterize it as a commentary adverb. In this chapter, we focus on the syntactic functions, semantic features and subjectivization of "maybe 3". In the third chapter, we introduce other "X indeterminacy" commonly used in modern Chinese with the same structure as "maybe", including "indefinite", "indefinite" and "uncertain". At the synchronic level, through the comparative analysis of these three and "maybe", the similarities and differences of the four are revealed, and the personality characteristics of "maybe" are also highlighted. We see that the four have high consistency in syntactic functions and semantic features, but there are some differences in their usage. In the fourth chapter, from the perspective of diachronic evolution, we analyze the diachronic evolution path, especially the lexicalization process. Of course, we also analyze and compare the diachronic evolution of "uncertainty", "uncertainty" and "uncertainty". Due to the high consistency in the evolution path, we introduce the concept of "analogical grammaticalization" in order to synthesize the time of their emergence. Through the discussion of these four chapters, we have basically carried on the multi-angle research to the "maybe".
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H146

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