中美政治道歉言语行为对比研究

发布时间：2018-10-31 08:14

【摘要】：本研究以中美政治道歉言语行为真实语料为基础,以文化语用学理论为框架,在综合分析政治道歉的定义、特征、适切条件的基础上,从政治道歉的言外之力明示手段和政治道歉策略的选用两方面探讨了中美政治道歉言语行为的异同。研究结果表明,中国政治道歉话语言外之力指示手段可分为"道歉/歉意"类、"深感不安/内疚"类和"对不起"类三个类别,而美国政治道歉则主要采用"apologize/apology"类、"regret"类、"sorry"类及其他四类言外之力指示手段。针对道歉策略的对比分析揭示了中美两种不同的政治道歉倾向,即中国政治家倾向于构建敢于认错、勇于担责、主动弥补过错的形象,而美国政治家尽管也能承认错误且表现出主动弥补过错的意愿,但在很大程度上表现出的是一种善于对自己的过错进行辩解和无为承诺,但缺乏担当责任的特征。本文进一步从中美文化中政治道歉的内涵、个人主义与集体主义和语境文化三方面对以上差异进行了社会文化动因分析,揭示产生差异的深层次原因,并简要讨论了本研究结果对于增强政治互信,改善国际关系的意义。
[Abstract]:This study is based on the real corpus of Chinese and American political apology speech acts, and on the framework of cultural pragmatics, on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of the definition, characteristics, and appropriate conditions of political apology. This paper discusses the similarities and differences between Chinese and American political apology speech acts from two aspects: the explicit means of political apology and the choice of political apology strategy. The results show that Chinese political apology can be divided into three categories: "apology / apology", "deeply disturbed / guilty" and "sorry", while American political apology mainly adopts "apologize/apology". "regret", "sorry" and the other four kinds of force indication means. The contrastive analysis of apology strategies reveals two different political apology tendencies between China and the United States, that is, Chinese politicians tend to build up the image of daring to admit mistakes, to be responsible, and to take the initiative to make up for their mistakes. Although American politicians can admit their mistakes and show their willingness to make up for their mistakes, to a large extent, they are good at defending their mistakes and not doing anything, but they lack the characteristic of taking responsibility. This paper further analyzes the social and cultural causes of the above differences from the connotation of political apology in Chinese and American culture, individualism, collectivism and contextual culture, and reveals the deep-seated reasons for the differences. The significance of this study in enhancing political mutual trust and improving international relations is also briefly discussed.
【作者单位】：大连外国语大学英语学院;大连海事大学外语学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金一般项目“文学语篇认知语用文体研究”(项目编号:15BYY182) 辽宁省高等学校“东北亚地区比较文化研究”创新团队项目(项目编号:WT2013009)的研究成果辽宁省“东北亚外交外事协同创新中心”阶段性成果,并受到中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(项目编号:3132016092)
【分类号】：H030

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