现代汉语选择构式演变研究

发布时间：2018-10-31 08:38

【摘要】：本文在构式语法理论的基础上,根据其特定的标记词和特有的“形式-意义对”,对“或者”构式、“要么”构式和“是…还是…”构式进行了详细考察,大致分析了现代汉语选择构式的历时演变过程。除“绪论”和“结语”部分外,本文共分为四章,对“或者”构式、“要么”构式、“是…还是…”构式的历时演变和这三种构式间的比较进行了探讨。“绪论”部分主要对本文的选题意义、研究现状、选择构式的界定、研究思路和研究方法以及语料来源进行了说明。第一章“‘或者’构式演变研究”。本章主要讨论了“或者”构式的历时演变情况和演变动因。首先,从先秦两汉时期开始、经过唐宋时期、元明清时期以及现当代时期对这一构式进行了描写。其次,我们发现“或者”的演变规律是由副词性结构凝固为副词,后来又有了副词和代词并用的用法,由于代词在历时的发展中虚化为连词,所以在现代汉语中保留了连词和副词的用法。最后,对“或者”和“或者…或者…”构式的语法化进行了动因分析,分别从句法位置、使用频率及重新分析等方面对其进行了解释。第二章“‘要么’构式演变研究”。本章主要讨论了“要么”构式的历时演变情况和演变动因。首先,从明代开始,梳理了“要么”句式在明清时期、近代时期以及现当代时期的使用情况。其次,我们发现连词“要么”属于跨层结构的语法化。最后,对“要么”和“要么”构式的语法化进行了动因分析,分别从其句法位置的变化、使用频率的增加和语音规律的演变等方面进行了探讨。第三章“‘是…还是…’构式演变研究”。本章主要讨论了“是…还是…”构式的历时演变情况和演变动因。首先,“是…还是…”构式的演变是从先秦两汉时期开始的,经过魏晋南北朝时期、唐宋时期、元明清时期,到现当代时期固定下来。其次,我们发现“是…还是…”构式的演变涉及词语替代的现象,其在先秦两汉时期的标记词为“其”“将”“且”“抑”“意”“亡”“妄”等。而到了魏晋南北朝时期,其标记词主要演变“为”“将”等。唐宋时期是“是”“还是”作为“是…还是…”构式的标记词的萌芽时期。元明清时期是“是”“还是”作为“是…还是…”构式的标记词的巩固时期。进入现当代时期,“是”“还是”固定为“是…还是…”构式的标记词。最后,对“是”“还是”和“是…还是…”构式的语法化进行了动因分析,分别从其句法形式、凝固性以及使用频率等方面进行了探讨。第四章“选择构式的比较”。本章对以上三种选择构式分别从结构的演变、选择构式标记词的演变和选择意义强度等级三个方面进行了比较,通过对三种构式的对比分析,得出每个构式除了表示选择关系外,还有自己本身独特的构式义。“结语”部分对“或者”构式、“要么”构式和“是…还是…”构式的演变进行了总结。
[Abstract]:On the base of structured grammar theory, based on its specific marker word and characteristic, "Form-Meaning Pair"-Yes, yes, yes. "Or" structural formula, Either "or" structural and "Yes... Or..." The structure is examined in detail, and the evolution process of the selection structure of modern Chinese is roughly analyzed. in addition to "Introduction" and "epilogue" In addition, this paper is divided into four chapters. "Or" structural formula, Either "or" structural formula, "Yes... Or..." The diachronic evolution of the structure and the comparison between these three structures are discussed. "Introduction" This paper mainly discusses the significance of the topic selection, the status quo of the research, the definition of the selection structure, the thinking and research methods of the research and the source of the corpus. Chapter 1 "The Dragon Boat Festival" or A Study on Structural Evolution. This chapter discusses mainly "Or" The diachronic evolution and evolution of the structure. First, from the early Qin and Han Dynasties, through the Tang and Song dynasties, the Yuan and Qing Dynasties and the contemporary period, this structure was described. Secondly, we found that "Or" The evolution of adverbs and pronouns and the use of adverbs and pronouns and the use of adverbs and pronouns in the development of diachronic have retained the usage of ligatures and adverbs in modern Chinese. Finally, yes" Or "and Or... Or..." The syntax of structure is analyzed by reason, and it is explained from the aspects of syntax, frequency and re-analysis. Chapter II "The Dragon Boat Festival" Either A Study on Structural Evolution. This chapter discusses mainly Either "or" The diachronic evolution and evolution of the structure. First of all, from the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, it was sorted out Either "or" The sentence pattern is used in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the modern times and the present time. Secondly, we found the hyphenation Either "or" and belongs to the syntax of a cross-layer structure. Finally, yes Either "or" and Either "or" The syntax of structure is analyzed by reason, from its syntactic position, the use frequency and the evolution of speech law. Chapter III "The Dragon Boat Festival" Yes... Or... A Study on Structural Evolution. This chapter discusses mainly "Yes... Or..." The diachronic evolution and evolution of the structure. first, "Yes... Or..." The evolution of structure is from the period of Qin and Han Dynasties, through the period of Wei, Jin, Northern and Southern Dynasties, the period of Tang and Song Dynasties, the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and the contemporary period. Secondly, we found that "Yes... Or..." The evolution of structure refers to the phenomenon of word substitution, which is the symbol of the two Han periods in the Pre-Qin period. "It" will "and" suppress" the meaning of "falling". and the like. By the period of Wei, Jin, Northern and Southern Dynasties, its mark word mainly evolved "For" and the like. The period of Tang and Song dynasties is" Yes" or "Yes" as" Yes... Or..." The embryonic period of a structural marker. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, "Yes" or" Yes" as" Yes... Or... "A period of consolidation of structural marker words. in that present contemporary era," Yes" or "Yes" fixed to" Yes... Or... "A structural marker. Finally, yes" Yes" or" Yes" and "Yes... Or..." The syntax of structure is analyzed by reason, and it is discussed from its syntactic form, condensed mode and frequency of use. Chapter IV A comparison of "choice structures". In this chapter, three aspects, namely the evolution of the structure, the evolution of the selection of the structural marker word and the intensity level of the selection significance, are compared. Through the comparison and analysis of the three structures, it is concluded that each structure has the exception of the selection relation. There is also a unique structure of its own." epilogue "partial pair" Or "structural formula, Either" or "structural and" Yes... Or... "The evolution of structure is summarized.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H146.3

【参考文献】