《晋书》测度问句研究
发布时间：2018-11-20 06:52
【摘要】：测度问句是疑问句的一个重要的类别。我们以《晋书》测度问句为主要研究对象,做了以下几项工作：1.通过分类描写,勾勒出《晋书》测度问句的整体面貌。《晋书》中测度问句一般有测度副词或语气词,或者二者兼有,没有既无测度副词也无语气词的测度问句；句式以测度副词放在主语之后为常,也有少量“岂”、“将”置于主语之前的用例；测度问句主要用于探因、评价和预测。2.分析测度问句与估测性陈述句、是非问句、反诘问句在语气、副词、结构形式上的异同,根据信、疑度以及上下文信息进行辨别；《晋书》有三类非典型范畴的测度问句：一是部分副词用“其”、“殆”,句末语气词为“也”、“矣”,且表达征兆类话语的句子；二是部分副词用“其”、“抑”、“殆”、“盖”的判断定性类句子；三是部分本身含有否定语义成分或常用于表否定的“得无”、“岂”类句子。3.区分原始语料和其他语料,对《晋书》测度问句进行共时和历时的比较研究,得出的主要结论是：《晋书》测度问句以“其”类和“岂”类为主,“岂”类测度问句在晋代书面语中已经发展得较为完备。在历时的发展过程中,两类测度问句存在微调的现象。在晋代口语中,“无乃”类测度问句已衰落,而“得无”类则在晋代口语中较盛行,在书面语中较少使用。《晋书》其他语料中测度副词的使用格局与晋代口语性材料中的测度问句更有相似性,而与唐代口语性材料中测度问句差异较大。从“将”类测度问句的历时发展情况以及它在唐代语料中的使用情况来看,《晋书》中的其它语料很有可能受到晋代口语性语料(主要是汉译佛经语料)的影响,甚至可能受到了汉译佛经语言影响。
[Abstract]:Measure question is an important category of interrogative sentence. We take the measurement question of Jin Shu as the main research object, and do the following work: 1. Through the classification description, the author outlines the whole appearance of the measure question in Jin Shu. The measure question in Jin Shu generally has measure adverbs or mood words, or both, and there is no measure question with neither measure adverb nor mood word. The measure adverb is usually followed by the subject, and there are a few use cases in which the measure adverb is placed before the subject, and the measure question is mainly used to explore, evaluate and predict. 2. This paper analyzes the similarities and differences between measure question and evaluative statement, non-question, rhetorical question in mood, adverb, and structural form, and distinguishes them according to the information of letter, doubt and context. "Jin Shu" has three kinds of non-typical categories: first, some adverbs use "its", "almost", the final mood of the sentence is "also", "Yi", and express the symptoms of the sentence; Second, some adverbs use "its", "suppress", "almost", "cover" to judge qualitative sentences; third, some of them contain negative semantic elements or are often used to express negative "no", "do" type sentences. 3. This paper distinguishes the original corpus from other corpus, and makes a comparative study of synchronic and diachronic measurement questions in Jin Shu. The main conclusions are as follows: the measurement questions are mainly of "its" type and "how" type. In the written language of Jin Dynasty, the measurement question of "do" has been developed quite well. In the course of diachronic development, two kinds of measure questions exist the phenomenon of fine-tuning. In the spoken language of Jin Dynasty, the category of "no is" has declined, while the category of "get nothing" is more popular in the spoken language of Jin Dynasty. The usage pattern of measure adverbs in other corpus is more similar to the measure question in the oral materials of Jin Dynasty, but it is quite different from the measure question in the oral materials of Tang Dynasty. Judging from the diachronic development of the "will" type question and its use in the Tang Dynasty corpus, it is very likely that the other data in Jin Shu will be influenced by the spoken data of Jin Dynasty (mainly the Chinese translation of Buddhist scriptures). It may even be influenced by the language of Buddhist scriptures translated into Chinese.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：H141
，
本文编号：2344136
[Abstract]:Measure question is an important category of interrogative sentence. We take the measurement question of Jin Shu as the main research object, and do the following work: 1. Through the classification description, the author outlines the whole appearance of the measure question in Jin Shu. The measure question in Jin Shu generally has measure adverbs or mood words, or both, and there is no measure question with neither measure adverb nor mood word. The measure adverb is usually followed by the subject, and there are a few use cases in which the measure adverb is placed before the subject, and the measure question is mainly used to explore, evaluate and predict. 2. This paper analyzes the similarities and differences between measure question and evaluative statement, non-question, rhetorical question in mood, adverb, and structural form, and distinguishes them according to the information of letter, doubt and context. "Jin Shu" has three kinds of non-typical categories: first, some adverbs use "its", "almost", the final mood of the sentence is "also", "Yi", and express the symptoms of the sentence; Second, some adverbs use "its", "suppress", "almost", "cover" to judge qualitative sentences; third, some of them contain negative semantic elements or are often used to express negative "no", "do" type sentences. 3. This paper distinguishes the original corpus from other corpus, and makes a comparative study of synchronic and diachronic measurement questions in Jin Shu. The main conclusions are as follows: the measurement questions are mainly of "its" type and "how" type. In the written language of Jin Dynasty, the measurement question of "do" has been developed quite well. In the course of diachronic development, two kinds of measure questions exist the phenomenon of fine-tuning. In the spoken language of Jin Dynasty, the category of "no is" has declined, while the category of "get nothing" is more popular in the spoken language of Jin Dynasty. The usage pattern of measure adverbs in other corpus is more similar to the measure question in the oral materials of Jin Dynasty, but it is quite different from the measure question in the oral materials of Tang Dynasty. Judging from the diachronic development of the "will" type question and its use in the Tang Dynasty corpus, it is very likely that the other data in Jin Shu will be influenced by the spoken data of Jin Dynasty (mainly the Chinese translation of Buddhist scriptures). It may even be influenced by the language of Buddhist scriptures translated into Chinese.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：H141
，
本文编号：2344136
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