人工耳蜗植入儿童词汇通达的加工机制及影响因素
发布时间：2019-01-05 02:40
【摘要】：本研究旨在从词汇通达整体概貌的揭示出发,分别从纵向(内部加工机制)和横向(影响因素)两个角度三个方面综合考察汉语学龄前人工耳蜗植入儿童(简称CI儿童)的词汇通达情况。在刻画他们通达单音节高熟悉度词的整体概貌的基础上,本研究进一步纵向考察了他们词汇通达的具体时间进程,并横向探讨了不同影响因素对汉语CI儿童词汇通达的影响。研究以实龄、性别、非言语智商、词汇量、父母教育水平、家庭经济水平六项为匹配标准,分别选取了 20名汉语CI儿童和20名听力正常的典型发展儿童。在整体概貌的揭示中,本文采用定时图片命名任务比较了两组被试的正确率和反应时,刻画了 CI儿童词汇通达的整体概貌。在内部加工机制的考察中,本文采用图-词干扰任务比较了两组被试不同时间进程上出现的语义、语音效应,揭示了 CI儿童词汇通达的时间进程。在影响因素的考察中,本文采用定时图片命名任务比较了两组被试不同词长不同熟悉度情况下的正确率和反应时,分析了 CI儿童受这些因素影响的模式和程度。本研究得出以下结果及结论:(一)汉语CI儿童词汇通达的正确率和速度与该年龄段听力正常的典型发展儿童相比是没有显著差异的,他们词汇通达的整体概貌与典型发展儿童类似。(二)汉语CI儿童与典型发展儿童词汇通达的内部加工机制并不完全相同。CI儿童由于对声音承载的语义信息进行深层次加工的能力还比较弱,语音信息激活的又比较晚,因而在早期阶段并未表现出任何效应。在加工的晚期阶段,CI儿童显示出明显的语音促进效应,并且维持的时间较长,表明在晚期阶段他们和典型发展儿童一样主要处于音韵编码阶段。在整体的加工机制上,CI儿童的语音激活略晚于典型发展儿童,还不能像典型发展儿童一样达到与成人类似的水平。此外,CI儿童对干扰项的加工程度不如典型发展儿童那样深,受干扰项影响的程度比较浅,因而通达图片名称的速度反而更快。(三)汉语CI儿童的词汇通达会受词长和熟悉度的影响,但影响程度与典型发展儿童不同。相比词长而言,熟悉度是影响汉语CI儿童词汇通达的主要因素。这主要是因为CI儿童高熟悉度词的表征是牢固的,低熟悉度词的表征是概略和脆弱的。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study is to reveal a general picture of lexical access. The lexical access of Chinese preschool cochlear implant children (CI children) was investigated from the perspective of longitudinal (internal processing mechanism) and lateral (influencing factors). On the basis of depicting the general picture of their monosyllabic high familiarity words, the present study further investigates the specific time course of their lexical access and explores the influence of different influencing factors on the Chinese CI children's lexical access. Based on the matching criteria of age, sex, nonverbal intelligence quotient, vocabulary size, parents' education level and family economic level, 20 Chinese CI children and 20 typical developmental children with normal hearing were selected. In order to reveal the overall general picture, this paper compares the accuracy and response time of two groups of subjects by using the task of timing picture naming, and describes the overall general picture of CI children's vocabulary access. In the study of internal processing mechanism, we compared the semantic and phonological effects between the two groups of subjects in different time processes by using the graph-word interference task, and revealed the time course of CI children's lexical access. In the study of influencing factors, the timing picture naming task was used to compare the accuracy and response of two groups of subjects with different word length and different familiarity, and the model and degree of CI children affected by these factors were analyzed. The results and conclusions of this study are as follows: (1) there is no significant difference in the accuracy and speed of lexical access between Chinese CI children and the typical children with normal hearing in this age group. The overall profile of their vocabulary access is similar to that of a typical developed child. (2) the internal processing mechanism of Chinese CI children is not exactly the same as that of typical developing children. Because of the deep processing ability of CI children to the semantic information carried by sound, the voice information is activated later. As a result, there was no effect at the early stage. In the late stage of processing, CI children showed obvious phonetic promotion effect and maintained for a long time, indicating that they were mainly in the phonological coding stage as the typical developmental children in the late stage. In the overall processing mechanism, the speech activation of CI children was slightly later than that of typical children, and it could not reach the level similar to that of adults. In addition, the processing degree of interference item in CI children is not as deep as that in typical developing children, and the degree affected by interference term is relatively shallow, so the speed of accessing image names is faster. (3) the lexical accessibility of Chinese CI children is influenced by word length and familiarity, but the influence degree is different from that of typical developing children. Compared with word length, familiarity is the main factor affecting the vocabulary access of Chinese CI children. This is mainly because the representation of CI children's high familiarity words is firm, and the representation of low familiarity words is general and fragile.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H193.1
本文编号：2401153
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study is to reveal a general picture of lexical access. The lexical access of Chinese preschool cochlear implant children (CI children) was investigated from the perspective of longitudinal (internal processing mechanism) and lateral (influencing factors). On the basis of depicting the general picture of their monosyllabic high familiarity words, the present study further investigates the specific time course of their lexical access and explores the influence of different influencing factors on the Chinese CI children's lexical access. Based on the matching criteria of age, sex, nonverbal intelligence quotient, vocabulary size, parents' education level and family economic level, 20 Chinese CI children and 20 typical developmental children with normal hearing were selected. In order to reveal the overall general picture, this paper compares the accuracy and response time of two groups of subjects by using the task of timing picture naming, and describes the overall general picture of CI children's vocabulary access. In the study of internal processing mechanism, we compared the semantic and phonological effects between the two groups of subjects in different time processes by using the graph-word interference task, and revealed the time course of CI children's lexical access. In the study of influencing factors, the timing picture naming task was used to compare the accuracy and response of two groups of subjects with different word length and different familiarity, and the model and degree of CI children affected by these factors were analyzed. The results and conclusions of this study are as follows: (1) there is no significant difference in the accuracy and speed of lexical access between Chinese CI children and the typical children with normal hearing in this age group. The overall profile of their vocabulary access is similar to that of a typical developed child. (2) the internal processing mechanism of Chinese CI children is not exactly the same as that of typical developing children. Because of the deep processing ability of CI children to the semantic information carried by sound, the voice information is activated later. As a result, there was no effect at the early stage. In the late stage of processing, CI children showed obvious phonetic promotion effect and maintained for a long time, indicating that they were mainly in the phonological coding stage as the typical developmental children in the late stage. In the overall processing mechanism, the speech activation of CI children was slightly later than that of typical children, and it could not reach the level similar to that of adults. In addition, the processing degree of interference item in CI children is not as deep as that in typical developing children, and the degree affected by interference term is relatively shallow, so the speed of accessing image names is faster. (3) the lexical accessibility of Chinese CI children is influenced by word length and familiarity, but the influence degree is different from that of typical developing children. Compared with word length, familiarity is the main factor affecting the vocabulary access of Chinese CI children. This is mainly because the representation of CI children's high familiarity words is firm, and the representation of low familiarity words is general and fragile.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H193.1
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相关期刊论文 前3条
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3 方燕红;张积家;;图-词干扰范式下语义效应的理论及争论[J];华南师范大学学报(社会科学版);2011年02期
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