母语和韵律单元等级对高级水平汉语学习者韵律边界产出的影响

发布时间：2019-04-12 11:19

【摘要】：韵律边界的编码和解码在言语交际过程中起着非常重要的作用,反映了说者和听者的产出和理解能力。本研究以母语背景为德语和韩语的高级汉语水平学习者为研究对象,以汉语母语者的数据作为参照基线,考察韵律单元等级和母语背景对汉语韵律边界产出的影响。研究发现:(1)母语背景对汉语韵律边界的声学特征的产出具有显著影响。韩语短语和句子末尾形态标记对汉语无声段和边界前音节时长具有干扰作用;德语和汉语节奏时长的相似性有助于学习者习得汉语时长特征。(2)不同母语背景学习者汉语韵律边界声学特征的产出受到普遍因素的制约。不同语言之间普遍存在的低音点下倾和音高重置有助于德语和韩语母语者习得汉语韵律边界的音高特征。(3)汉语二语学习者对不同韵律边界特征的掌握程度是不同的,音高特征的习得好于时长特征。(4)汉语二语学习者韵律边界声学特征的习得对韵律单元等级关系的掌握具有连锁效应,每一个边界物理声学特征的掌握程度会促进或者阻碍韵律单元层级关系的习得。
[Abstract]:Prosodic boundary coding and decoding play a very important role in the process of speech communication, reflecting the speaker and listener's ability to produce and understand. Using the data of native speakers as reference baselines, this study investigated the influence of prosodic unit level and mother tongue background on Chinese prosodic boundary output, taking advanced Chinese learners with German and Korean as the subjects of the study and taking the data of Chinese native speakers as reference baselines. The results are as follows: (1) the background of mother tongue has a significant effect on the output of acoustic features of Chinese prosodic boundary. The morphological markers at the end of Korean phrases and sentences interfere with the duration of Chinese silent segments and pre-boundary syllables. The similarity of rhythmic length between German and Chinese is helpful for learners to acquire the characteristics of Chinese duration. (2) the output of acoustic features of Chinese prosodic boundaries of learners with different mother tongue backgrounds is restricted by common factors. The common subwoofer dip and pitch reset between different languages help native speakers of German and Korean acquire pitch characteristics of Chinese prosodic boundary. (3) Chinese second language learners have different mastery of different prosodic boundary features. The acquisition of pitch features is better than that of duration features. (4) the acquisition of prosodic boundary acoustic features of Chinese second language learners has a linkage effect on the mastery of prosodic unit hierarchies. The mastery of each boundary physical acoustic feature promotes or hinders the acquisition of the hierarchical relationship between prosodic units.
【作者单位】：北京语言大学汉语进修学院;

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