初中级蒙古国留学生汉语声调学习的实验研究及教学建议

发布时间：2019-04-19 21:16

【摘要】：内蒙古地区三所高校的蒙古国留学生关于汉语学习困难程度的调查显示,研究声调的学习情况和相应的教学对策是有必要的。本文以初级和中级的蒙古国留学生为研究对象,摆脱固有的只对偏误进行描写和解释性分析的写作方式,通过感知实验和声学实验对蒙古国留学生的汉语单字调和双字调的辨认以及发声情况进行研究。通过听觉感知实验和声学实验得出的实验结果,结合些许相关的生理学知识,归纳总结出蒙古国留学生在学习汉语声调中出现的主要偏误,并思考相应的教学对策。通过感知实验得出的基本结论为:中级学生单字调与双字调的感知实验错误率普遍低于初级学生的。初级和中级单字调的感知错误率最高的声调是阴平。初级双字调感知错误率最高的声调是上声;中级双字调前位字感知错误率最高的是阳平,后位字感知错误率最高的是上声。通过声学实验得出的基本结论为:学生发音普遍达不到普通话调值的高低:升不上去降不下来,在单字调声学实验中出现的问题在双字调实验中也会重复出现,相比较单字调,双字调出现的问题更多。本文以对比分析理论、偏误分析理论、中介语理论和肌动理论为指导,找出蒙古国学生单字调和双字调偏误形成的原因:母语对目的语的干扰,声带及相关肌肉的控制能力,学习者自身的因素等。并对蒙古国留学生声调教学进行思考并提出建议:教师要尝试多种方法教学与训练,听说结合,不断完善自身和教学方法等。
[Abstract]:The investigation on the degree of Chinese learning difficulties by Mongolian students from three universities in Inner Mongolia shows that it is necessary to study the study of tone learning and the corresponding teaching strategies. In this paper, the primary and intermediate Mongolian students as the object of study, get rid of the inherent way of writing only to describe and explain the errors, Through the experiment of perception and acoustics, this paper studies the identification of monosyllabic and disyllabic tones of Mongolian students. Based on the experimental results of auditory perception experiment and acoustic experiment, combined with some related physiological knowledge, this paper sums up the main errors of Mongolian students in learning Chinese tone, and ponders the corresponding teaching countermeasures. The basic conclusion of perceptual experiment is that the error rate of perceptual experiment of middle-level students is generally lower than that of junior students in single-tone and double-tone. The highest perceptual error rate for primary and intermediate singleton tones is negative. The highest perceptual error rate in primary duotone is uptone, while in intermediate duotone, Yangping is the highest, while upper tone is the highest in posterior word. The basic conclusion of the acoustic experiment is that the pronunciation of the students is generally not high or low as that of the mandarin, and the problems in the acoustic experiment of the single tone will also be repeated in the double tone experiment, and the single tone will be compared with that of the single tone, and the problem in the acoustic experiment of the single tone will also be repeated in the double tone experiment. There are more problems with the double tone. Under the guidance of contrastive analysis theory, error analysis theory, interlanguage theory and muscle movement theory, this paper finds out the reasons for the formation of single and double tone errors in Mongolian students: the interference of mother tongue on the target language, the control ability of vocal cords and related muscles, The learner's own factors, etc. At the same time, the author thinks about the tone teaching of Mongolian students and puts forward some suggestions: teachers should try many kinds of teaching and training methods, combine listening and speaking, constantly improve themselves and teaching methods, and so on.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H195.3

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