北京话语流中的鼻化度及其声学特征的统计分析
发布时间：2019-05-14 17:41
【摘要】：本文利用鼻音计对34位发音人语流中的鼻化度进行了统计分析。实验包括三四字组和不同语速、不同焦点位置的陈述句,对语流中的元音、鼻音声母和鼻音韵尾的鼻化度进行了比较分析。实验结果同单字组、双字组和前人研究成果进行对比分析,试图发现其中的异同。利用PRAAT软件测量了语流中不同音节的声学特征,包括:音长、音强、四条共振峰(F1、F2、F3、F4),试图发现鼻化度的改变对其声学特征的影响。利用SPSS软件对实验结果进行了统计分析,考察不同因素对鼻化度及其声学特征影响的显著性。实验结果如下:在不同的音节组合中,不同位置的元音排序不一致。轻声、儿化均对鼻化度有一定影响。语速对不同性质的语音的鼻化度的影响是不同的。元音/a/、/y/的内在鼻化度在不同语速中的表现为慢速中速快速;元音/i/、/u/、/(?)/表现为快速中速慢速;元音/(?)/则表现为在中速中鼻化度最大,慢速次之,快速最小。/m/、/n/两个鼻音声母的鼻化度在不同语速中的具体表现为:慢速中速快速,在慢速中的鼻化度更接近单独发音值。语速对鼻音韵尾的鼻化度的影响与鼻音声母表现基本一致,语速越快,鼻尾的鼻化度就越小。前鼻尾/-n/处于焦点位置时,其弱化率和鼻化率均较大,非焦点音节的弱化率小于焦点音节,鼻化率高于焦点音节。与双字组相比较,焦点音节和非焦点音节鼻化度均小于双字组,弱化率低于双字组,鼻化率远远高于双字组。后鼻尾/-η/也存在一定程度的弱化和鼻化,但比率远远小于前鼻尾/-n/,且后鼻尾鼻化度数值标准差较小,相对稳定,受语流影响较少。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the nasal degree of 34 speakers was statistically analyzed by nasal phonometer. The experiment includes three or four character groups and declarative sentences with different speed and focus position. The vowels, nasal consonants and nasal vowels at the end of the language flow are compared and analyzed. The experimental results are compared with those of the single word group, the double character group and the previous research results, and the similarities and differences are tried to find out. The acoustic characteristics of different syllables in the stream were measured by PRAAT software, including length, intensity and four resonance peaks (F1, F2, F3, F4). The influence of the change of nasal degree on the acoustic characteristics was tried to find out. The experimental results were statistically analyzed by SPSS software, and the significance of different factors on nasal degree and its acoustic characteristics was investigated. The experimental results are as follows: in different syllable combinations, the vowel ranking in different positions is inconsistent. Soft sound and children have a certain effect on the degree of nose. The effect of speech speed on the nasal degree of different properties of speech is different. The internal nasal degree of vowel / a / vowel Vowel / (?) / shows the highest degree of nose in medium speed, the second in slow speed, and the smallest in speed. The degree of nose in slow speed is closer to the sound value alone. The effect of speech speed on the nasal degree at the end of nasal rhyme is basically the same as that of nasal consonant. The faster the speed of speech, the smaller the nasal degree at the end of nose. When the anterior nasal tail /-n / is in the focus position, the weakening rate and the nose rate of the non-focus syllable are higher than those of the focus syllable, and the snuff rate of the non-focus syllable is lower than that of the focus syllable. Compared with the double-character group, the nasal degree of the focus syllable and the non-focus syllable was lower than that of the double-character group, the weakening rate was lower than that of the double-character group, and the nose rate of the two-character group was much higher than that of the double-character group. There is also a certain degree of weakening and rhinization of the posterior nasal tail /-畏 /, but the ratio is much smaller than that of the anterior nasal tail /-n / n, and the standard deviation of the posterior nasal tail nose degree is small, relatively stable, and less affected by the flow of speech.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H172.1
本文编号：2476913
[Abstract]:In this paper, the nasal degree of 34 speakers was statistically analyzed by nasal phonometer. The experiment includes three or four character groups and declarative sentences with different speed and focus position. The vowels, nasal consonants and nasal vowels at the end of the language flow are compared and analyzed. The experimental results are compared with those of the single word group, the double character group and the previous research results, and the similarities and differences are tried to find out. The acoustic characteristics of different syllables in the stream were measured by PRAAT software, including length, intensity and four resonance peaks (F1, F2, F3, F4). The influence of the change of nasal degree on the acoustic characteristics was tried to find out. The experimental results were statistically analyzed by SPSS software, and the significance of different factors on nasal degree and its acoustic characteristics was investigated. The experimental results are as follows: in different syllable combinations, the vowel ranking in different positions is inconsistent. Soft sound and children have a certain effect on the degree of nose. The effect of speech speed on the nasal degree of different properties of speech is different. The internal nasal degree of vowel / a / vowel Vowel / (?) / shows the highest degree of nose in medium speed, the second in slow speed, and the smallest in speed. The degree of nose in slow speed is closer to the sound value alone. The effect of speech speed on the nasal degree at the end of nasal rhyme is basically the same as that of nasal consonant. The faster the speed of speech, the smaller the nasal degree at the end of nose. When the anterior nasal tail /-n / is in the focus position, the weakening rate and the nose rate of the non-focus syllable are higher than those of the focus syllable, and the snuff rate of the non-focus syllable is lower than that of the focus syllable. Compared with the double-character group, the nasal degree of the focus syllable and the non-focus syllable was lower than that of the double-character group, the weakening rate was lower than that of the double-character group, and the nose rate of the two-character group was much higher than that of the double-character group. There is also a certain degree of weakening and rhinization of the posterior nasal tail /-畏 /, but the ratio is much smaller than that of the anterior nasal tail /-n / n, and the standard deviation of the posterior nasal tail nose degree is small, relatively stable, and less affected by the flow of speech.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H172.1
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