基于分级显著理论的反语理解研究
发布时间：2019-05-16 09:24
【摘要】：反语是修辞语言的一种。修辞语言的字面意义与修辞意义之间常常不一致,其他种类的修辞语言还包括隐喻、熟语、谚语等。从心理语言学的视角来看,反语理解主要依赖语用能力,并受到多种高级认知能力的制约。到目前为止,相比于其他理论和模型,分级显著理论(the Graded Salience Theory)最具整合性,解释力、可证伪性也更强。基于分级显著理论,本文尝试整合反语理解所涉及的认知能力、神经基础以及其他方面的研究,并提出更为综合的理论框架。我们的讨论主要从分级显著理论的两个基本假说出发。第一个假说是右侧半球在反语意义的理解中起支配作用。根据该假说,左侧半球和右侧半球分别负责语义加工和语用加工。第二个假说是独立两阶段假说,该假说认为反语的理解过程可以分成两个独立的阶段。反语的第一阶段只存在语义加工,语境信息没有涉及。反语理解的第二阶段则只涉及语用加工,并对语境信息进行整合。综合来看,两个假说反映了分级显著理论在许多方面受到模块论的影响。在元分析的基础上,我们认为这两个假设存在一定的局限性。我们发现反语理解的过程中两个半球都存在激活,并且许多与执行功能有关的脑区也都存在激活。我们的结果也表明我们需要重新探讨独立两阶段假说。以精神分裂症患者的研究为例,我们探讨了反语理解中不同阶段的互动关系。此外,我们基于分级显著理论提出了更为整合的理论框架。总的来说,本文探讨了反语理解的认知神经基础,并从模块性的角度分析了分级显著理论的局限性。凭借更为整合的理论框架,我们指出未来的研究应该如何探究反语理解中不同阶段的动态关系,也从多个角度探讨了如何整合临床人群的研究。
[Abstract]:Irony is a kind of rhetorical language. The literal meaning and rhetorical meaning of rhetorical language are often inconsistent. Other kinds of rhetorical language include metaphor, idiom, proverb and so on. From the perspective of psycholinguistics, irony understanding mainly depends on pragmatic competence and is restricted by a variety of advanced cognitive abilities. So far, compared with other theories and models, hierarchical salient theory (the Graded Salience Theory) is the most integrated, explanatory and falsifiable. Based on the hierarchical saliency theory, this paper attempts to integrate the cognitive ability, neural basis and other aspects involved in irony understanding, and proposes a more comprehensive theoretical framework. Our discussion is mainly based on two basic hypotheses of hierarchical saliency theory. The first hypothesis is that the right hemisphere plays a dominant role in the understanding of irony meaning. According to this hypothesis, the left hemisphere and the right hemisphere are responsible for semantic processing and pragmatic processing, respectively. The second hypothesis is the independent two-stage hypothesis, which holds that the process of understanding irony can be divided into two independent stages. Only semantic processing exists in the first stage of irony, and contextual information is not involved. The second stage of irony understanding only involves pragmatic processing and integrates contextual information. Taken together, the two hypotheses reflect that the hierarchical saliency theory is influenced by modularity theory in many ways. On the basis of meta-analysis, we think that these two assumptions have some limitations. We find that both hemispheres are activated in the process of irony understanding, and many brain regions related to executive function are also activated. Our results also show that we need to revisit the independent two-stage hypothesis. Taking the study of schizophrenia as an example, we discussed the interaction between different stages of irony understanding. In addition, we propose a more integrated theoretical framework based on hierarchical saliency theory. Generally speaking, this paper discusses the cognitive neural basis of irony understanding, and analyzes the limitations of hierarchical salience theory from the point of view of modularity. With the more integrated theoretical framework, we point out how the future research should explore the dynamic relationship in different stages of irony understanding, and also explore how to integrate the research of clinical population from many angles.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H05
本文编号：2478184
[Abstract]:Irony is a kind of rhetorical language. The literal meaning and rhetorical meaning of rhetorical language are often inconsistent. Other kinds of rhetorical language include metaphor, idiom, proverb and so on. From the perspective of psycholinguistics, irony understanding mainly depends on pragmatic competence and is restricted by a variety of advanced cognitive abilities. So far, compared with other theories and models, hierarchical salient theory (the Graded Salience Theory) is the most integrated, explanatory and falsifiable. Based on the hierarchical saliency theory, this paper attempts to integrate the cognitive ability, neural basis and other aspects involved in irony understanding, and proposes a more comprehensive theoretical framework. Our discussion is mainly based on two basic hypotheses of hierarchical saliency theory. The first hypothesis is that the right hemisphere plays a dominant role in the understanding of irony meaning. According to this hypothesis, the left hemisphere and the right hemisphere are responsible for semantic processing and pragmatic processing, respectively. The second hypothesis is the independent two-stage hypothesis, which holds that the process of understanding irony can be divided into two independent stages. Only semantic processing exists in the first stage of irony, and contextual information is not involved. The second stage of irony understanding only involves pragmatic processing and integrates contextual information. Taken together, the two hypotheses reflect that the hierarchical saliency theory is influenced by modularity theory in many ways. On the basis of meta-analysis, we think that these two assumptions have some limitations. We find that both hemispheres are activated in the process of irony understanding, and many brain regions related to executive function are also activated. Our results also show that we need to revisit the independent two-stage hypothesis. Taking the study of schizophrenia as an example, we discussed the interaction between different stages of irony understanding. In addition, we propose a more integrated theoretical framework based on hierarchical saliency theory. Generally speaking, this paper discusses the cognitive neural basis of irony understanding, and analyzes the limitations of hierarchical salience theory from the point of view of modularity. With the more integrated theoretical framework, we point out how the future research should explore the dynamic relationship in different stages of irony understanding, and also explore how to integrate the research of clinical population from many angles.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H05
【参考文献】
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1 李鹏程,龚辉,杨炯炯,曾绍群,骆清铭,管林初;用近红外功能成像技术研究语义和知觉编码过程中左前额叶的活动(英文)[J];航天医学与医学工程;2000年02期
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