“二拍”比较标记研究

发布时间：2019-06-25 18:17

【摘要】：本文以“二拍”为研究对象,对其比较句中的比较标记进行了穷尽性的调查和全面的分析。本文首先从意义上将“二拍”中的比较标记分为平比标记和差比标记,然后根据比较标记的类型对其进行层级分类,再运用定性与定量相结合、描写与解释相结合等方法深入分析了各类比较标记的特点和表义功能,并通过共时比较与历时比较的方法进一步揭示了“二拍”中比较标记的特点。“二拍”中平比标记的数量丰富,类型多样。根据平比标记的数量和位置可将其分为单前平比标记、单后平比标记、复合平比标记和双平比标记。其中“如”类、“似”类单前平比标记在数量上占据相当大的比重,且这两类平比标记的复合形式较为丰富。“象”类单前平比标记和以“象”为前标记的双平比标记在比较标记中的地位在进一步加强,平比标记“若”、“同”以及特殊类平比标记由于文言色彩较浓已逐渐被其他同义标记所替代。“二拍”中差比标记的类型丰富。根据标记在比较句中出现的数量,我们将其分为单前差比标记和双差比标记,单前差比标记主要有“似”类、“如”类、“比”等,这些单前差比标记的形式十分丰富,既有肯定式和否定式,还有反诘式。从形式上来看,“二拍”中差比标记基本上是旧的差比标记的沿用,也有新的差比标记的产生,如“与……不同”和“比……不同”等双差比标记。从使用频率来看,双差比标记在“二拍”的出现次数较低,结构类型较单一。
[Abstract]:Taking Erpao as the research object, this paper makes an exhaustive investigation and comprehensive analysis of the comparative markers in its comparative sentences. In this paper, the comparative markers in Erpao are divided into equal ratio markers and difference ratio markers, and then the comparative markers are classified according to the types of comparative markers. Then, the characteristics and semantic functions of various comparative markers are deeply analyzed by combining qualitative and quantitative, description and interpretation, and the characteristics of comparative markers in Erpai are further revealed by the method of synchronic comparison and diachronic comparison. In Erpao, the number and type of equaling marks are rich and diverse. According to the number and position of the ratio mark, it can be divided into single front ratio mark, single back ratio mark, compound ratio mark and double ratio mark. Among them, "Ru" class, "like" type single front ratio markers account for a considerable proportion in quantity, and the compound forms of these two kinds of equality ratio markers are more abundant. The position of "Xiang" single front ratio marker and double plane ratio mark with "elephant" as front mark is further strengthened in the comparison mark. The parity mark "Ruo", "same" and the special class ratio mark have been gradually replaced by other synonymous markers because of the strong color of classical Chinese. The difference in the second beat is richer than the type of mark. According to the number of markers in the comparative sentence, we divide them into single antecedent ratio markers and double difference ratio markers. The single antecedent ratio markers are mainly "similar", "such as" class, "ratio" and so on. These single antecedent ratio markers are very rich in form, including positive and negative, as well as cross-examination. From the formal point of view, the difference ratio mark in "two beats" is basically the use of the old difference ratio mark, and there are also new difference ratio marks, such as "and". Different "and" ratio. Different "equal double difference ratio" mark. From the use frequency, the number of double difference ratio markers in "two beats" is low, and the structure type is relatively single.
【学位授予单位】：温州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H146.3

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