对话访谈录：在华外国人汉语学习案例分析

发布时间：2019-07-05 12:35

【摘要】：汉语国际教育作为一个较为“年轻”的专业,借助语言学理论、跨文化交际和二语习得理论,已有诸多专业理论研究,也编写出了具有专业性和国别性的教学教材,语料库和案例库建设也取得了丰硕成果。但是汉语国际教育专业建设中仍有一些不足,其中来自接受汉语国际教育的外国学习者们的感受反馈的调研还比较欠缺。而挑选其中的比较成功、具有代表性的对象进行对话访谈,能够使我们获得外国学习者的第一手学习感悟和验,从而为汉语国际教育发展提供一些新的思路见解和建设性意见。本文作者在学习和工作中接触到较多在华外国人,从这些在华外国人的汉语教学与学习验中,获得了较多的“第二语言”学习和运用的启示,因而决定以“对话访谈录:在华外国人汉语学习案例分析”作为学位论文选题。这一方面是因为专业硕士学位论文选题应注重从实际调研中发现、分析并提出解决问题的方案;另一方面则希望通过对话访谈,总结其学习“第二语言”的方法,以期对于汉语教学与中华文化对外传播提供有益的启示。本论文访谈的三位“汉语习得者”是过审慎选择的。一方面,三位访谈对象都对汉语和中国文化有着较深的理解,在中国居住或停留的时间均相对较长,并且不同程度地接受了汉语国际教育,拥有优质丰富的相关验供我们借鉴。另一方面,三位访谈对象来自不同国家,也为我们理解东西方不同文化背景的外国学生学习汉语时的具体情况提供了线索。另外,访谈题目主要集中在个人历、汉语学习心得和对中国文化的相关认识三个方面,以期能够在全面认识访谈对象、发掘其访谈价值的基础上,梳理出有益于汉语国际教育课堂教学、课程设置、专业发展的真实、有效的第一手资料。本论文分为三个部分:第一部分“导论”简要介绍了论文选题背景以及写作目的;第二部分是与各位访谈对象的对话以及内容分析,包括访谈对象简介、访谈过程、内容分类归纳以及作者的分析阐释;第三部分“对汉语国际教育的启示”主要包括通过访谈和分析所得出的对于汉语国际教育课堂教学、课程设置、专业发展等方面的建议、启示等。由于一次深度访谈都需要一两个月联系沟通和前期交流,故访谈与材料整理工作消耗了大时间精力,这也致使访谈未能覆盖不同母语语系的访谈对象;另外,作者对于访谈手法的运用也不够专业,对话中有时不能临场发挥深入推进,使得访谈内容不尽完美。不过,本论文最重要的意图是,希望能提醒更多学人重视对在华外国人的对话访谈,以便换位思考,获得更多有益的启示。
[Abstract]:As a relatively "young" major, with the help of linguistic theory, cross-cultural communication and second language acquisition theory, Chinese international education has been studied in many professional theories, and teaching materials with professional and national characteristics have also been compiled, and the construction of corpus and case bank has also achieved fruitful results. However, there are still some shortcomings in the construction of Chinese international education specialty, among which the research on the feeling feedback of foreign learners receiving Chinese international education is still lacking. However, the selection of more successful and representative objects can enable us to obtain the first-hand learning perception and test of foreign learners, thus providing some new ideas and constructive suggestions for the development of Chinese international education. In his study and work, the author has come into contact with more foreigners in China. From the Chinese teaching and learning test of these foreigners in China, he has obtained more enlightenment from the study and application of "second language", so he has decided to choose "Dialogue interview: a case study of foreigners studying Chinese in China" as the topic of the thesis. On the one hand, the topic selection of professional master's degree thesis should pay attention to finding out from the actual investigation, analyzing and putting forward the solution to the problem; on the other hand, I hope to sum up the methods of learning "second language" through dialogue and interview, in order to provide useful enlightenment for Chinese teaching and the external dissemination of Chinese culture. The three Chinese learners interviewed in this paper are carefully selected. On the one hand, the three interviewees have a deep understanding of Chinese and Chinese culture, live or stay in China for a relatively long time, and receive Chinese international education to varying degrees, with high quality and rich relevant tests for our reference. On the other hand, the three interviewees come from different countries, which also provides clues for us to understand the specific situation of foreign students from different cultural backgrounds in the East and the West when learning Chinese. In addition, the interview topics mainly focus on three aspects: personal calendar, Chinese learning experience and related understanding of Chinese culture, in order to sort out the real and effective first-hand materials which are beneficial to the classroom teaching, curriculum design and professional development of Chinese international education on the basis of comprehensive understanding of the interviewees and exploring their interview value. This paper is divided into three parts: the first part "introduction" briefly introduces the background of the topic selection and the purpose of writing; the second part is the dialogue and content analysis with all the interviewees, including the brief introduction of the interviewees, the interview process, the classification and induction of the contents and the analysis and interpretation of the author. The third part, "Enlightenment to Chinese International Education", mainly includes some suggestions on classroom teaching, curriculum design, professional development and so on through interviews and analysis. Because an in-depth interview requires a month or two of contact communication and early communication, the interview and material collation work consumes a lot of time and energy, which leads to the interview can not cover the interview subjects of different native language families. In addition, the author's use of interview techniques is not professional enough, and sometimes the interview content can not be promoted in depth, which makes the interview content not perfect. However, the most important intention of this paper is to remind more scholars to pay attention to the dialogue and interview with foreigners in China, so as to get more useful enlightenment for the sake of others.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H195.3

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