小说《第99层》男主人公身份问题研究

发布时间：2018-02-24 07:11

本文关键词： 身份认同重构创伤　出处：《北京外国语大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：《第99层》是黎巴嫩女作家迦娜·法瓦兹·哈桑于2014年出版的一部小说,入选2015年阿拉伯小说国际奖(阿拉伯布克奖)短名单。小说围绕生活在纽约的巴勒斯坦二代难民麦吉德的身份困境而展开:他未曾踏上过巴勒斯坦的土地,但是一出生就背负着巴勒斯坦悲剧的重负,尽管在纽约收获了成功事业和甜蜜爱情,却无法真正开始新的生活。小说作者希望通过展现男主人公因身份问题的困扰而遇到的生存困境,揭示战争造成的身心创伤难以修复,会一直影响人们的心理和生活;同时,通过展开男主人公寻找身份认同的过程,来探讨巴勒斯坦战后一代1重构身份的可能。在全球化的时代,本质主义的民族主义身份2受到质疑,后殖民理论家们一直试图寻找新的身份认同方式。本论文中,笔者借助心理学相关理论,剖析小说主人公的心理创伤,并通过后殖民理论家霍米·巴巴的文化杂交理论,来尝试分析小说作者所提供的的身份重构方式。本论文的主要思路如下:通过剖析作者笔下男主人公麦吉德的当下处境,分析祖国和文化在其身份认同中起到的重要作用,以及祖国、文化的丢失和战争带来的创伤如何一步步让男主人公成为异国的他者;通过展现小说男主人公无论在事业上、在爱情上以及在其生活环境中如何尽数被"无法遗忘的过去"苦苦纠缠,揭示战争的创伤在战争结束多年后如何在各方面阻挠男主人公确定自己的身份归属,并开始新的生活;通过梳理小说相关情节,分析小说作者如何通过男女主人公相识相爱以及小说充满希望的开放式结局来表达自己对战争和爱情的看法,以及对战后一代或几代巴勒斯坦人在异乡如何走出过去、重建自我身份的主张。小说作者认为刻意强调国籍、宗教的差别,会树立一种二元对立的关系,通过文化杂交淡化民族身份,通过爱化解仇恨,或许能为这些创伤中无法开始新生活的人提供一条出路。《第99层》虽着眼于巴勒斯坦战后一代的生存困境,但映射的是全球"少数族"的边缘处境,作者对小说人物生存悲剧的思考,对全球化时代的移民、流散现象都有一定的参考价值。
[Abstract]:The 99th floor is a novel published by Lebanese woman writer Gana Favaz Hassan in 2014. Shortlisted for the 2015 International Prize for Arab Fiction (the Arab Booker Prize). The novel revolves around the plight of Meguid, a second-generation Palestinian refugee living in New York: he has never set foot on Palestinian soil. But born with the burden of the Palestinian tragedy, despite the success of New York and sweet love, But they can't really start a new life. The author of the novel hopes to reveal that the physical and mental trauma caused by the war is difficult to repair and will always affect people's psychology and life by showing the plight of the hero's existence because of his identity problems. This paper explores the possibility of reconstructing the identity of the postwar generation of Palestine through the process of seeking identity of the hero. In the era of globalization, the nationalist identity of essentialism is questioned. Postcolonial theorists have been trying to find a new way of identity. In this thesis, the author analyzes the psychological trauma of the protagonist with the help of the theory of psychology, and through the cultural hybrid theory of Homi Baba, the postcolonial theorist. The main ideas of this thesis are as follows: by analyzing the current situation of the protagonist McGid, the author analyzes the important role played by the motherland and culture in his identity. And how the loss of culture and the trauma of war have made the hero a stranger step by step; by presenting the novel hero, regardless of his career, How to be entangled in love and in his living environment by the "past that cannot be forgotten" reveals how the wounds of war, many years after the end of the war, prevent the hero from determining his identity and starting a new life; By combing the relevant plot of the novel, the author analyzes how the novel author expresses his views on war and love through the love of the protagonists and the open ending of the novel, which is full of hope. And the idea of how a generation or generations of post-war Palestinians can walk out of a foreign land and rebuild their identity. The author of the novel thinks that deliberately emphasizing differences in nationality and religion will establish a dualistic relationship. The dilution of national identity through cultural hybridization and the resolution of hatred through love may provide a way out for those who are unable to begin a new life in these traumas. (level 99) though looking at the plight of the post-war Palestinian generation, However, it reflects the marginal situation of the "minority" in the world. The author's thoughts on the tragedy of the existence of the characters in the novel, the migration in the era of globalization, and the phenomenon of dispersal are all of certain reference value.
【学位授予单位】：北京外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I378.074

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