《德伯家的苔丝》中的概念隐喻研究

发布时间：2018-03-06 05:15

本文选题：哈代　切入点：苔丝　出处：《华中师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：作为19世纪后半期伟大的现实主义作家,托马斯·哈代在小说和诗歌上取得的巨大成就是不容忽视的。特别是其小说,因风格多变,题材广泛,内容丰富,因而深受读者喜爱。但其作品之所以经久不衰,另一个不容忽视的因素就是他对多种艺术表现手法尤其是对隐喻的巧妙运用。而在其最著名的作品《德伯家的苔丝》中,隐喻这种艺术技巧的使用尤为突出。西方的隐喻研究自亚里士多德开始,已有两千多年的历史,期间涌现出许多对隐喻研究起到推动作用的大家。而当代的隐喻,特别是上世纪八十年代LakoffJohnson的"Metaphors We Live by"一书中概念隐喻的提出更是赋予了隐喻新的内涵:他们认为,隐喻不仅是传统意义上的修辞方式,更是人们思考问题的一种方式,对人们的日常生活起着重大的作用。近年来,随着中西方学者们对哈代本人及其作品的深入了解和研究,哈代小说中的隐喻性及其艺术价值越来越受到重视。但这些学者虽然尝试从隐喻角度分析《德伯家的苔丝》,这些研究却只是单方面的,如爱情隐喻、动物隐喻等,鲜少有学者从篇章的角度对其中的隐喻进行全面而综合的研究。廖美珍教授认为研究隐喻的篇章功能应该注意到隐喻在篇章中的组织功能与特点,但是笔者认为隐喻的篇章功能不仅仅是体现在组织上,同时也体现在与主题的相互作用上。因此本文将基于概念隐喻理论,对《德伯家的苔丝》中的隐喻进行全面分析,主要包括颜色隐喻、家的隐喻和名字隐喻。旨在厘清这三类隐喻与小说主题的一一呼应与相互照应关系,表明小说主题的连贯是可以通过使用隐喻这种艺术手法而实现的,从而有力地证明概念隐喻对于篇章分析的可行性和重要性。本研究主要采取定性研究的方法。在概念隐喻理论的指导下,先找出文中所有的隐喻;然后选取其中与作者所要研究的主题密切相关的代表性隐喻,即颜色隐喻、家的隐喻和名字隐喻并分析它们各自的源域、目标域和隐喻含义;最后在此基础上,用图表的方式一一阐释各隐喻对主题的呼应作用以及这三类隐喻对主题的合力作用,从而得出相关结论。通过分析,笔者发现:(1)哈代在《德伯家的苔丝》这部作品中采用了大量的隐喻,其中颜色隐喻的使用频率及对主题的连贯效果最突出;(2)各隐喻通过内在的联系,分别从不同角度实现了文本的连贯;(3)各隐喻之间实际上也是互相联系的,合力实现了对小说主题的连贯作用;(4)概念隐喻理论可以用于篇章的分析,并能达到很好的效果。本研究的意义在于:(1)验证了 LakoffJohnson的观点:隐喻无处不在;它不仅是一种修辞手法,更是一种思维方式。(2)证明了概念隐喻对主题的连贯作用,扩大了隐喻的研究范围,同时也为篇章的分析提供了一个新的视角。(3)引起学者对概念隐喻理论的重视,从而激发学者从更多学科、更多角度、更广范围进行更加有创造性的研究。
[Abstract]:As the great realist writer of the second half of 19th century, Thomas Hardy's great achievements in fiction and poetry cannot be ignored, especially in his novels, because of their varied style, wide range of subjects, and rich content. But another factor that can not be ignored is his clever use of various artistic expressions, especially metaphors. In his most famous work, Tess of the d'Urbervilles, Metaphor has been studied in the West for more than 2,000 years since Aristotle, during which there have been many people who have played an important role in the study of metaphor. In -20s, the introduction of conceptual metaphor in LakoffJohnson's Metaphors We Live by has given metaphor a new connotation: they believe that metaphor is not only a traditional rhetorical means, but also a way for people to think about problems. In recent years, with the in-depth understanding and study of Hardy himself and his works by Chinese and Western scholars, More and more attention has been paid to the metaphorism and its artistic value in Hardy's novels. However, although these scholars try to analyze Tess of the d'Urbervilles from a metaphorical point of view, these studies are only unilateral, such as love metaphor, animal metaphor and so on. Few scholars have made a comprehensive and comprehensive study of metaphors from the perspective of text. Professor Liao Mei-chen believes that the study of the textual functions of metaphors should pay attention to the organizational functions and characteristics of metaphors in the text. However, the author believes that the textual function of metaphor is not only embodied in organization, but also in the interaction with the subject. Therefore, this paper will make a comprehensive analysis of the metaphor in Tess of the Decaux d'Urbervilles based on the Conceptual metaphor Theory. It mainly includes color metaphor, home metaphor and name metaphor. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the relationship between these three kinds of metaphors and novel themes, which indicates that the coherence of novel themes can be realized by using metaphor as an artistic technique. In order to prove the feasibility and importance of conceptual metaphor for textual analysis, the present study mainly adopts a qualitative approach. Under the guidance of conceptual metaphor theory, we first find out all the metaphors in the text; Then, the representative metaphors, namely color metaphor, home metaphor and name metaphor, which are closely related to the theme of the author's study, are selected and their respective source domains, target domains and metaphorical meanings are analyzed. In this paper, we use the graphic method to explain the echoing effect of each metaphor on the theme and the resultant effect of these three kinds of metaphors on the theme, so as to draw the relevant conclusions. The author finds that Hardy uses a large number of metaphors in Tess of the d'Urbervilles, in which the frequency of use of color metaphors and their coherent effect on the subject are most prominent. (3) each metaphor is actually related to each other, and the Conceptual metaphor Theory can be used in the analysis of the text, so that the coherence of the novel theme can be realized by using the Conceptual metaphor Theory (Conceptual metaphor Theory). The significance of this study lies in LakoffJohnson's view that metaphor is everywhere; it is not only a rhetorical device, but also a mode of thinking. It not only expands the scope of metaphor research, but also provides a new perspective for text analysis. Carry out more creative research on a wider scale.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I561.074

【参考文献】