在个人软实力视域下解读《嘉莉妹妹》中的起伏人生

发布时间：2018-03-13 11:40

本文选题：《嘉莉妹妹》　切入点：个人软实力　出处：《河北师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：《嘉莉妹妹》是西奥多·德莱塞的一部现实主义杰作,主要描绘了美国工业化进程中社会各阶层在城市的基本生活场景,反映了男女主人公的性格特质、情感抉择、道德意识、人生观和价值观等因素对自身命运成败的重要影响。因此,在激烈的社会竞争下,个人要想谋得一份职位,靠一己之力在纷繁复杂的大城市中努力挣扎着活下去,“软实力”必不可少。相比资产、金钱、社会地位等硬实力,软实力在个人层面更看重个人是否善于积极学习与社会交往、能否快速适应新环境,以及是否具有较高的道德水平、心理素质和责任意识等因素。本文把个人软实力理论引入经典现实文学作品《嘉莉妹妹》的探讨,主要分析了嘉莉和赫斯特伍德二人软实力发展的优势与不足,以及它们对二人硬实力的反作用,意在强调个人软实力的强弱对人生命运起伏的关键作用,同时对当今个人的成长与发展提供启示和借鉴。基于此,论文主要分为三章:第一章探讨了个人软实力在嘉莉增强个人硬实力过程中的主导作用。软实力是个人实现生存与发展所独具的关键要素及优势能力,全面提升个人软实力的最终目的则是为了更好地实现和证明个人价值。来到芝加哥后,嘉莉逐步依靠自身软实力的优势与发展,如意志力和忍耐力,学习力和展示力以及自信力和亲和力等,克服了起初贫穷、社会地位低等硬实力方面的不足,并最终获得了应有的财富与名望。第二章意在探寻嘉莉不完美结局背后的深层原因。作为个人软实力的重要内容之一,人生观和价值观始终指导支配人的一切行为活动,并时刻影响着一个人精神境界的提高以及人生道路的选择。实质上,嘉莉的软实力还是不够强,她缺乏健全的人生观和价值观作为指导,没有高尚的人生理想和生活目标作为追求。此外,强烈的金钱欲物化了爱人与亲人之间的关系,使嘉莉忘记了基本的责任感,无心感受到家庭的温暖与关爱。第三章分析了赫斯特伍德个人软实力的不足。软实力方面的缺陷可以削弱一个人的硬实力,甚至导致其不幸的命运。作为美国中产阶级的典型代表,赫斯特伍德最初拥有较强的硬实力,但个人软实力的缺陷还是让他自食恶果,如缺乏诚信力、情商低等,使得他最终一蹶不振,用自杀了结了自己的生命。结论部分从个人软实力的角度总结了嘉莉和赫斯特伍德在弱肉强食的社会竞争下努力生存和斗争的个人成败经历。本论文意在帮助读者全面了解美国当时的整个资本主义社会背景,使他们深刻认识到生命的残酷和奋斗的意义。同时,这也有助于人们意识到个人软实力的重要性,并努力提高自身的竞争力,以期更好地实现个人价值。
[Abstract]:Sister Carrie, a realist masterpiece by Theodore Dreiser, depicts the basic urban life of all sectors of society in the process of industrialization in the United States, reflecting the characters, emotional choices, and moral consciousness of the protagonists and heroines. Factors such as outlook on life and values have an important impact on the success or failure of their own destiny. Therefore, in the fierce social competition, individuals want to get a job, "soft power" is essential to struggling to survive in a complex city on its own. Compared to hard power such as assets, money, social status, soft power values individuals' ability to learn actively and interact with society at the individual level. Whether it can adapt to the new environment quickly, and whether it has higher moral level, psychological quality and sense of responsibility, etc., this paper introduces the theory of personal soft power into the classical realistic literary work "Sister Carrie". This paper mainly analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the development of soft power between Carrie and Hurstwood, and their reaction to the hard power of the two, which is intended to emphasize the key role of the strength of individual soft power in the ups and downs of life's fate. At the same time, it provides inspiration and reference for the growth and development of individuals today. The thesis is divided into three chapters: the first chapter discusses the leading role of individual soft power in the process of enhancing Carrie's personal hard power. Soft power is the key element and superior ability of individual to achieve survival and development. The ultimate purpose of the overall promotion of personal soft power was to better realize and prove personal value. After arriving in Chicago, Carrie gradually relied on the advantages and development of her own soft power, such as willpower and endurance. Learning and demonstration, self-confidence and affinity overcome the inadequacies of hard power in the beginning, such as poverty, low social status, etc. The second chapter aims to explore the deep reasons behind Carrie's imperfect ending. As one of the important contents of personal soft power, the outlook on life and values always guide all the behavior of people. In fact, Carrie's soft power was not strong enough, and she lacked a sound outlook on life and values as a guide. There were no noble ideals and goals of life to pursue. Moreover, the strong desire for money had materialized the relationship between loved ones and loved ones, and Carrie had forgotten her basic sense of responsibility. The third chapter analyzes the deficiency of Hurstwood's personal soft power. The weakness of soft power can weaken a person's hard power. It even led to his unfortunate fate. As a typical representative of the American middle class, Hurstwood initially had strong hard power, but the defects of personal soft power allowed him to eat his own evil consequences, such as lack of integrity, low emotional intelligence, etc. That eventually brought him to his knees, The conclusion summarizes Carrie and Hurstwood's personal success and failure experience of survival and struggle under the competition of the law of the jungle society from the angle of personal soft power. This thesis is intended to help read. He had a comprehensive understanding of the entire capitalist social background of the United States at that time. At the same time, it helps people realize the importance of personal soft power, and strive to improve their competitiveness in order to realize personal value better.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I712.074

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