“你”听到了什么——《国王在听》的听觉书写与“语音独一性”的启示

发布时间：2018-03-23 19:23

本文选题：听觉书写　切入点：倾听模式　出处：《天津社会科学》2017年04期

【摘要】：人际听觉沟通中传递的声音与气息发自肺腑深处,带有强烈的个性色彩和感性特征,是文学艺术研究应当特别关注的对象。卡尔维诺小说《国王在听》中的听觉书写,对应了声学家和符号学家总结的三种倾听模式——因果倾听、语义倾听与还原倾听。用第二人称"你"来讲述这个故事,既有利于彰显听觉感知的模糊性,又有暗示每个读者都是小说中主要人物的用意。将倾听者设定为国王,乃是出于"居高听自远"的叙事策略——没有谁会比高高在上的国王更在意来自四面八方不利于己的响动。以屏蔽了具体语义的女子歌声来唤醒国王,则是为了突出"语音独一性"的魅力,作者此举被认为是颠覆了西方形而上学传统或曰逻格斯中心主义的奠基石——迄今为止的研究只关注普遍的语音,而忽略了语音是独一无二的这一简单事实。文学界虽然早就认识到"文学即人学",但在对具体人物的认识上仍未摆脱形而上学的偏见,虽然罗兰·巴特称语音为人的"分离的身体",但许多人还未深刻认识到具体的语音与语音后面的"活人"之间的联系。卡尔维诺揭示的"语音独一性",在中外叙事作品中都有形形色色的反映和流露。
[Abstract]:The sound and breath transmitted in the interpersonal auditory communication come from the deep heart of the heart, with strong personality and perceptual characteristics, which should be paid special attention to in the study of literature and art. It corresponds to the three listening modes summarized by phonologists and semiotics: causality listening, semantic listening and restoring listening. To tell this story with a second person, "you", is beneficial to the fuzziness of auditory perception. It is also implied that every reader is the main character in the novel. It's a narrative strategy of "living high and listening from afar"-no one cares more about noise from all sides than a high king, in order to awaken the king with a woman's voice that hides the specific meaning. In order to highlight the appeal of "phonological uniqueness," the author's move is considered to be the cornerstone of Western metaphysical tradition or logos centralism-so far research has focused only on universal pronunciation. Ignoring the simple fact that pronunciation is unique. Although the literary world has long recognized that "literature is the science of man," it still has not shed its metaphysical prejudice on the understanding of specific characters. Although Roland Bart calls speech a "separate body", many people have yet to fully recognize the link between the specific pronunciation and the "living person" behind it. Calvino's "phonological uniqueness" is described in both China and abroad. There are all kinds of reflection and expression in the works.
【作者单位】：江西师范大学叙事学研究中心;江西师范大学;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重点项目“听觉叙事研究”(项目号:13AZW003);国家社会科学基金重大项目“中西叙事传统比较研究”(项目号:16ZDA195)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：I546.074

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