辛格小说《卢布林的魔术师》和《童爱》中的男性性别身份建构

发布时间：2018-04-18 12:14

本文选题：辛格 + 神经症人格　；参考：《安徽大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：艾萨克·巴什维斯·辛格是美国继索尔贝娄后第二位获得诺贝尔奖文学奖的犹太作家,他被誉为"当代最会说故事的小说大师"。《卢布林的魔术师》是辛格最著名的长篇小说,小说描述了风流魔术师雅夏的情感经历和对人生的思索。《童爱》是辛格最满意的作品之一,也是他唯一一部以第一人称为主的小说,小说描写了作家艾伦的成长历程。两部小说虽然创作于不同时期,但其都描绘了新时期的犹太青年在社会变革时期的彷徨与焦虑,他们在事业上不得志,在精神上迷茫,沉迷于混乱的男女私情中却郁郁寡欢。凯伦·霍妮是美国著名的心理分析学家,精神病学家和医学博士。她的心理学理论突破了心理学史上长期以弗洛伊德的"生物决定论"为主要研究方法的思维局限,把社会文化因素考虑进具体的心理案例分析,使心理分析理论得到进一步完善与发展。根据霍妮的人格理论,神经症人格主要可以分为"屈从型,,、"进攻型,,和"逃避型"三种,而造成病态人格的根本在于焦虑。三种不同的人格特点会建立不同的对抗焦虑的防御机制。本文从霍妮的神经症人格理论入手,分析两部小说主人公的性格特点,即屈从型人格,以及从该种性格特点的固有的行为模式探究两部小说中男主人公的性别身份建构策略。屈从型性格的他们天生软弱、妥协、不善拒绝,对弱者投入无限关怀。小说中的女性大多是处于比男性更弱势的地位,男主人公们通过与这些弱势女性的相处增强了男性自信,他们把女性当成是社会中的避风港,虽然在小说中男主人公们的焦虑通过和这些女性的暧昧相处中得以缓解,但是这并没有消除他们焦虑的根源,只是暂时的使他们麻痹了自己的需求,不愿正视自我。他们选择纵情于男女私情也只是出于神经症人格的一种本能反应,并不能给他们带来真正的成长。男主人公们要想实现成长就必须"去神经症化",不盲从于他人和社会,正视自我的需要,释放自己,肯定自我价值。本文从屈从型人格特点分析小说男主人公们的性别身份建构策略以及失败的表现、原因,进一步探究深层次的心理动因。
[Abstract]:Isaac Bashevis Singh is the second American Jewish writer to win the Nobel Prize for Literature after Saul Bellow. He is known as "the greatest storyteller of our time." the Magician of Lublin is Singh's most famous novel.The novel describes the romantic magician Yaxia's emotional experience and his thoughts on life. "Child Love" is one of Singh's most satisfied works, and it is also his only first person novel, which describes the growing up of the writer Alan.Although the two novels were written in different periods, they both depict the anxiety and loss of the Jewish youth in the new era in the period of social change. They are unmotivated in their career, confused in spirit and depressed in the chaotic personal feelings of men and women.Karen Horney is a famous American psychoanalyst, psychiatrist and MD.Her theory of psychology has broken through the thinking limitation of Freud's "biological determinism" as the main research method in the history of psychology for a long time, and has taken social and cultural factors into account in the specific psychological case analysis.The theory of psychoanalysis has been further improved and developed.According to Honey's personality theory, neurotic personality can be divided into three types: subservient type, aggressive type and evasive type.Three different personality traits establish different defense mechanisms against anxiety.Starting with Honey's theory of neurotic personality, this paper analyzes the characters of the protagonists in the two novels, that is, the subservient personality, and probes into the strategies of constructing the gender identity of the protagonists in the two novels from the inherent behavior patterns of the characters.The subservient nature of their weakness, compromise, poor refusal, to the weak into unlimited care.Most of the women in the novel are in a more vulnerable position than men, and the protagonists have strengthened their confidence by getting along with these disadvantaged women, and they regard women as a safe haven in society.Although the anxiety of the protagonists in the novel can be alleviated through the ambiguity with these women, it does not eliminate the root of their anxiety, but temporarily paralyzes their own needs and does not want to face up to themselves.Their choice of indulgence is also an instinctive response to neurotic personality that does not bring them real growth.If the heroes want to realize their growth, they must "go into neurosis", do not blindly follow others and society, face the needs of themselves, release themselves, and affirm their own value.This paper analyzes the gender identity construction strategy of the protagonists in the novel from the perspective of subservient personality characteristics and the causes of their failure, and further explores the deep psychological motivation.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I712.074

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