普鲁斯特文艺思想研究

发布时间：2018-05-11 14:46

本文选题：普鲁斯特 + 《驳圣伯夫》　；参考：《四川师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：当今国内的普鲁斯特研究主要集中在小说《追忆似水年华》的创作手法、叙事技巧等方面,而从美学或文艺思想方面研究普鲁斯特及其小说的人较少,对普鲁斯特文艺思想的关注也不多。然而普鲁斯特在《追忆似水年华》最后一卷《重现的时光》和散文兼批评合集《驳圣伯夫》中展现的文艺思想,如批评的方法、文学创作理念等,也值得我们去探讨。通过对普鲁斯特文艺思想的深刻理解,再反观其文学作品,更易体会普鲁斯特的创作方式与文学立场,更易理解普鲁斯特文学作品中的无穷深意和价值。换句话说,正是因为普鲁斯特的美学原则和文艺思想才决定了他要怎么创作实践,才有《追忆似水年华》这部作品的诞生。通过对文献的梳理以及在前人研究的基础上,本文以《驳圣伯夫》和《重现的时光》两个文本为研究对象,旨在尝试探讨梳理普鲁斯特在文本中呈现的文艺思想。本文分为五个部分探究普鲁斯特文艺思想。第一部分主要梳理了国内外普鲁斯特研究现状。第二部分探讨了《驳圣伯夫》和《重现的时光》两本著作的承继关系,《驳圣伯夫》为普鲁斯特文艺思想的形成奠定了基础,且最终把自己的文艺思想和具体的创作实践相融合,完美地在小说最后一部分《重现的时光》中升华。第三部分在前人研究的基础上,详细探究了普鲁斯特文艺思想形成的渊源。普鲁斯特从柏格森处认识到文艺创作要摒弃智力和理性,理智对文艺创作无用;艺术创作的基础主要是感受力和直觉本能,通过直觉、瞬时感觉非自主记忆、联想去把握文学艺术,理解生命。波德莱尔的文艺美学观点也对普鲁斯特影响巨大,在波德莱尔那里学到从痛苦中提取永恒,借用回忆和感觉的作用找到永恒、绝对的美。第四部分文章主要探究了普鲁斯特具体的文艺思想内容。普鲁斯特反驳圣伯夫的实证主义批评方法,提出自己的批评主张:主张批评回到作品本身,而不是关注作者。因为创作主体在现实生活中的“自我”和在文艺创作中的“自我”完全不同,作品是创作者内在自我的呈现。重视文艺批评的主观审美感受在文艺批评活动中的重要作用,强调通过作品批评或鉴赏活动,来揭示创作者的内在深层的自我,以达到对事物人心的内质性的发现和理解。在普鲁斯特这里,回忆为个人找回时间,文学则使寻回的时间持存、定格。瞬时感受唤起的回忆帮我们把时间找回来,文学艺术则帮我们去寻找这样的感受,寻求逝去的时间和幸福。文学艺术帮我们表现人生,重塑精神价值,找回我们存在的意义。在具体地创作观念上,普鲁斯特强调文学艺术不是模仿再现现实,文学艺术要用感觉去感知。他力倡创作者摆脱智力、日常习惯的束缚,追求个性化、新奇化、陌生化的文学效果,以获得独创的作品。最后一部分对普鲁斯特的文艺思想作了简要评析。普鲁斯特借助“回忆”叙说自己对生存的观察和体验生活,仅作为个人对世界作出判断,找寻存在的意义,达至某种终极境界,去应付日益工业化和技术化时代的感知危机。在大众文化的冲击下,现代人的精神危机愈来愈盛,这无疑给我们一种精神的震撼,提供一种寻找自我存在价值与意义的路径或方式。
[Abstract]:At present, the research of Proust in China is mainly focused on the writing techniques and narrative techniques of the novel "recalling the years of time", and on the study of Proust and his novels from the aspects of aesthetics or literary and artistic ideas, and not much attention to Proust's literary and artistic ideas. However, Proust is reminiscent of the "reminiscence" of "the reminiscence" of the last volume of "reminiscent" of "the reminiscence" of "the reminiscence" of "the reminiscence" Time > and prose and criticism conforming to the literary and artistic ideas, such as the method of criticism and the idea of literary creation, are also worth our discussion. Through a profound understanding of Proust's literary and artistic ideas and a reflection on his literary works, it is easier to understand Proust's creative ways and literary positions, and to understand Proust's literary works more easily. In other words, it is precisely because of Proust's aesthetic principles and literary and artistic ideas that what he wants to create is the birth of this work. By combing the literature and on the basis of previous studies, this article is based on the two texts, "refuting St. boff > and" reappearing time ". The purpose of this study is to try to explore and comb Proust's literary and artistic ideas in the text. This article is divided into five parts to explore Proust's literary and artistic thoughts. The first part mainly combs the present situation of Proust's research at home and abroad. The second part discusses the inheritance relationship between the "refutation of sainteburn" and "the reappearing time > two books", "refute St. The formation of Proust's literary and artistic thought has laid the foundation, and finally integrates his own literary and artistic ideas with the concrete creation practice, perfect in the last part of the novel < the reappearing time > in the sublimation. On the basis of the previous research, the third part explores the origin of the formation of Proust's literary thought in detail. Proust is from Bergson. It is realized that literary and artistic creation should abandon intelligence and reason, and reason is useless to literary and artistic creation; the basis of artistic creation mainly is feeling and intuition instinct, through intuition, instantaneous feeling of non autonomous memory, and association to grasp literature and art and understand life. Baudelaire's literary aesthetic viewpoint also has great influence on Proust, and studies Baudelaire there. To extract eternity from pain, find eternal, absolute beauty by the use of memories and feelings. The fourth part of the article mainly explores the specific content of Proust's literary and artistic ideas. Proust refute Saint bed's positivist criticism method and put forward his own criticism: advocating criticism back to the work itself, instead of paying attention to the author. The "self" of the creative subject in the real life is completely different from the "self" in the literary and artistic creation. The work is the inner self of the creator. It emphasizes the important role of the subjective aesthetic feeling of literary criticism in the literary criticism, and emphasizes the inner and deep self of the Creator through the criticism or appreciation of the works. To achieve the inner nature of the discovery and understanding of the people's heart. Here in Proust, recollection for the individual to retrieve time, literature makes the time of return, order. The memories aroused by the instantaneous feelings help us find the time, and literature and art help us to find such feelings, seek the lost time and happiness. Literature and art help us. In the concrete creation of ideas, Proust emphasizes that literature and art do not imitate the realities of reproduction, and that literature and art should be perceived by feeling. He advocates the creation of writers from the constraints of intelligence and daily habits, the pursuit of individualization, novelty and strange literary effects, in order to obtain original originality. In the last part, a brief analysis of Proust's literary and artistic thoughts is made. With the help of "recollection", Proust narrates his own life observation and experience life, only as a person to judge the world, to find the meaning of existence, to a certain ultimate realm, to cope with the perceived crisis in the era of increasingly industrialized and technicalization. Under the impact of culture, the spiritual crisis of modern people is becoming more and more prosperous, which undoubtedly gives us a kind of spiritual shock and provides a way or way to find the value and significance of self existence.

【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I565.06

【参考文献】