《喜福会》中华裔母亲文化身份的重构

发布时间：2018-06-01 06:25

本文选题：《喜福会》 + 华裔母亲　；参考：《宁波大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：《喜福会》(The Joy Luck Club)是美国华裔女作家谭恩美(Amy Tan)受到20世纪70年代美国女权运动影响而创造的作品。小说聚焦了四个中国移民家庭,刻画了四位华裔母亲移居美国的前后经历以及与各自女儿间的文化隔阂。本研究以文化身份理论(Hall,1990)为据,分析小说中华裔母亲们从自我意识的觉醒,到文化身份的探索,再到实现身份重构的过程。最后采用后现代女性主义关于重构女性身份的观点—社会身份疆界说(Friedman,1996),进一步探究华裔母亲在中美两种文化相互影响下构建的新文化身份的特点。主要发现如下:第一,华裔母亲解决身份困惑、塑造新自我的过程体现了中美文化从相互冲突到融合的过程。心态的调整和对美国文化的适应过程反映了华裔母亲对身份的思考和探索,也是其重构身份的现实基础。根据霍尔的文化身份理论,本文认为华裔女性必须在接受中美文化互通的基础上全面理解两者文化的差异性和自我身份的可塑性,将身份重构看成个人主观意愿在美国社会文化中的表达。第二,华裔母亲重构后的文化身份具有流动性、多元性和包容性的特征。生活是文化的体现,因此探究受到双重影响的文化身份时,需要将母亲们的身份构建意识和美国当地生活紧密联系起来。结合社会身份疆界说,本文发现华裔女性身份涉及女儿、妻子和母亲三个角色;并且每个角色在不同的社会环境中表现出不同的特点,反映出其独特的文化意义。在中美文化不断的交流和反思中,母亲们最终构建出流动、多元和包容的新文化身份。第三,《喜福会》中华裔母亲构建的新文化身份折射了后现代女性主义长期以来的坚持和追求,也论证了其对重构女性主体身份的指导是切实可行的,有现实意义的。在重构文化身份的过程中,母亲们不仅寻找到真正的女性自我,展现出个性与独立,而且主动追求平等,勇敢捍卫权力。综上,《喜福会》中华裔母亲成功地重塑了文化身份,在东西方文化间搭建起了沟通的桥梁。在中美文化交融下,她们构建的女性身份体现出鲜明的流动性、多样性和包容性。基于此,本研究认为华裔女性的自信和独立有助于准确把握文化身份的可塑性,只有主动接纳并辩证地对待文化差异,才能实现文化身份的重构。华裔母亲文化身份的成功构建,不仅鼓励着移居美国的中国女性不断思考和探索自我文化身份,并指引她们朝着追求权利平等和自由进发,同时也为分析谭恩美同系列小说中的华裔女性身份研究开拓了新的领域。
[Abstract]:The Joy Luck Club is a work created by Amy Tan, a Chinese American writer influenced by the American feminist movement in the 1970s. The novel focuses on four Chinese immigrant families, depicting four Chinese mothers' experiences before and after they emigrated to the United States, as well as the cultural gap between the four Chinese mothers and their daughters. Based on the theory of cultural identity, this study analyzes the process of Chinese mothers' identity reconstruction from the awakening of self-consciousness, the exploration of cultural identity and the realization of identity reconstruction in the novel. Finally, using the postmodern feminist view of reconstructing female identity, the social identity boundary theory is used to further explore the characteristics of the new cultural identity constructed by Chinese mothers under the mutual influence of Chinese and American cultures. The main findings are as follows: first, the process of Chinese mothers solving identity confusion and shaping new self embodies the process of Chinese and American culture from conflict to integration. The adjustment of mentality and the process of adaptation to American culture reflect the reflection and exploration of Chinese mothers' identity and are the realistic basis of their identity reconstruction. According to Hall's theory of cultural identity, this paper holds that Chinese women must fully understand the cultural differences between the two cultures and the plasticity of their self-identity on the basis of accepting the cultural interaction between China and the United States. Identity reconstruction is regarded as the expression of individual's subjective will in American social culture. Second, the reconstructed cultural identity of Chinese mothers is characterized by mobility, pluralism and inclusiveness. Life is the embodiment of culture, so it is necessary to link the mother's identity construction consciousness with the American local life when exploring the double influence of cultural identity. According to the boundary of social identity, this paper finds that the identity of Chinese women involves three roles: daughter, wife and mother, and each character shows different characteristics in different social environment, reflecting its unique cultural significance. In the continuous exchange and reflection of Chinese and American culture, mothers finally build a new cultural identity that is mobile, pluralistic and inclusive. Thirdly, the new cultural identity constructed by Chinese mothers in Joy Luck Club reflects the persistence and pursuit of postmodern feminism for a long time, and also demonstrates its practical and practical significance in guiding the reconstruction of female subject identity. In the process of reconstructing their cultural identity, mothers not only seek out the true female self, show their individuality and independence, but also actively pursue equality and bravely defend their power. In summary, the Chinese mothers in the Joy Luck Club successfully reshaped their cultural identity and established a bridge of communication between eastern and western cultures. Under the combination of Chinese and American culture, the female identity they have constructed embodies distinct mobility, diversity and inclusiveness. Based on this, this study holds that the confidence and independence of Chinese women help to grasp the plasticity of cultural identity accurately. Only by accepting and dialectically treating cultural differences actively, can the reconstruction of cultural identity be realized. The successful construction of the cultural identity of Chinese mothers not only encourages Chinese women who emigrate to the United States to constantly think about and explore their own cultural identity, but also directs them towards the pursuit of equal rights and freedom. At the same time, it also opens up a new field for the study of the identity of Chinese women in Amy Tan's series of novels.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I712.074

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