《垂死的肉身》和《凡人》中主人公生存困境之新现实主义研究
发布时间：2018-07-15 13:24
【摘要】：菲利普·罗斯(1933-)是美国当代文坛最杰出的代表作家之一。在四十余年的漫长文学创作生涯中,菲利普·罗斯始终保持着惊人的文学创造力。步入晚年后,他在深刻反思自己文学创作生涯的同时,重新将目光投到更为广阔的社会现实,并积极探索更为理性务实的创作手法,进入了他绚丽多彩的新现实主义创作阶段。本论文选取罗斯的新现实主义代表作品——《垂死的肉身》和《凡人》——为研究对象。在细致的文本解读的基础之上,从新现实主义的视角探讨了主人公所面临的一系列生存困境。新现实主义既继承了传统现实主义的创作原则,又借鉴了后现代主义的写作技巧,例如黑色幽默,反讽以及倒叙等。这使其能够更好地反应当下正在发生的现实,包括当代人所普遍面临的生存困境问题。本文所选取的两部小说的主人公都面对疾病,死亡和精神空虚等生存困境。一方面,他们面对着身体机能的衰退和死亡的威胁;另一方面,他们婚姻的失败以及对传统和宗教的背叛导致了精神上的孤独和焦虑。为了摆脱这些困境,主人公做出了自己的选择,例如通过对性的盲目追求来对抗死亡,以及通过背叛和自治来追求自我并获得自由。然而,他们的种种努力均已失败而告终,恐惧和焦虑仍然困扰着他们。虽然文中的主人公都有犹太背景,但是罗斯似乎刻意削弱了他们的犹太身份,而是把他们当作普通美国人来描写。因此,主人公所面临的一系列的生存困境也同样适合于广大的美国民众。从这个意义上讲,该两部作品都具有一定的普遍意义,表达了罗斯对当代人生活境况的深刻反思以及终极人文关怀。
[Abstract]:Philip Ross (1933 -) is one of the most outstanding representative writers in contemporary American literature. In his long literary career of more than 40 years, Philip Ross has always maintained an amazing literary creativity. In his later years, while deeply reflecting on his literary career, he refocused his eyes on the broader social reality, and actively explored more rational and pragmatic creative techniques, and entered his colorful stage of new realism creation. In this thesis, Rose's neo-realism works "dying flesh" and "mortals" are selected as the research objects. On the basis of careful interpretation of the text, this paper discusses a series of existential difficulties faced by the protagonist from the perspective of neo-realism. Neo-realism not only inherits the creative principles of traditional realism, but also draws lessons from post-modernist writing techniques, such as black humor, irony and flashback. This enables it to better reflect the realities that are taking place today, including the prevailing existential dilemmas faced by the present generation. The protagonists of the two novels are faced with the plight of illness, death and spiritual emptiness. On the one hand, they face the threat of physical decline and death; on the other hand, their marital failure and betrayal of tradition and religion lead to mental loneliness and anxiety. In order to get rid of these difficulties, the protagonist makes his own choices, such as blind pursuit of sex to fight against death, and self-seeking and freedom through betrayal and autonomy. However, their efforts have failed, and fear and anxiety continue to haunt them. Although the protagonists have Jewish backgrounds, Ross seems to deliberately weaken their Jewish identity and portray them as ordinary Americans. Therefore, the protagonist faces a series of survival difficulties also suitable for the broad masses of the American people. In this sense, the two works are of universal significance, expressing Ross's profound reflection on the living conditions of contemporary people and the ultimate humanistic concern.
【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I712.074
本文编号：2124218
[Abstract]:Philip Ross (1933 -) is one of the most outstanding representative writers in contemporary American literature. In his long literary career of more than 40 years, Philip Ross has always maintained an amazing literary creativity. In his later years, while deeply reflecting on his literary career, he refocused his eyes on the broader social reality, and actively explored more rational and pragmatic creative techniques, and entered his colorful stage of new realism creation. In this thesis, Rose's neo-realism works "dying flesh" and "mortals" are selected as the research objects. On the basis of careful interpretation of the text, this paper discusses a series of existential difficulties faced by the protagonist from the perspective of neo-realism. Neo-realism not only inherits the creative principles of traditional realism, but also draws lessons from post-modernist writing techniques, such as black humor, irony and flashback. This enables it to better reflect the realities that are taking place today, including the prevailing existential dilemmas faced by the present generation. The protagonists of the two novels are faced with the plight of illness, death and spiritual emptiness. On the one hand, they face the threat of physical decline and death; on the other hand, their marital failure and betrayal of tradition and religion lead to mental loneliness and anxiety. In order to get rid of these difficulties, the protagonist makes his own choices, such as blind pursuit of sex to fight against death, and self-seeking and freedom through betrayal and autonomy. However, their efforts have failed, and fear and anxiety continue to haunt them. Although the protagonists have Jewish backgrounds, Ross seems to deliberately weaken their Jewish identity and portray them as ordinary Americans. Therefore, the protagonist faces a series of survival difficulties also suitable for the broad masses of the American people. In this sense, the two works are of universal significance, expressing Ross's profound reflection on the living conditions of contemporary people and the ultimate humanistic concern.
【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I712.074
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