夏目漱石《第二夜》中武士与禅僧的形象分析
发布时间：2018-07-26 18:52
【摘要】：夏目漱石是日本明治时期伟大的批判现实主义作家、学者。被称为日本的“国民大作家”。在对文学的理解、语言的掌握方面具有超人的天赋,并且由于在日本改革初期去英国留学期间接触到了欧洲先进的科技成果,并接受了先进的思维理念,所以也具有突破当时日本人常态思维的前瞻性。在短短的十多年创作过程中,漱石给日本文学界留下了带有时代特征的多部小说和大量的文学评论、汉诗、俳句、随笔。《梦十夜》是漱石41岁时,在朝日新闻上连载的以梦境为主题的十个小故事。针对于《梦二夜》的内容,笔者试从以下几个方面进行分析、研究。首先,从漱石的《梦二夜》的创作背景方面进行分析创作的大社会背景《梦二夜》创作于日俄战争之后。随着日本取得胜利,国际地位上升,日本人变得狂妄与盲目。全面脱亚入欧思想与保护日本本土传统文化思想产生了激烈冲突。创作的个人背景家庭方面:漱石的家庭从属于一个中级武士家族。因此,会无形间受到武士生活与思维习惯的影响,武士参禅的习惯也会作为其思想内部的隐形信息而存在。少年生活:漱石出生不久就被父母送与他人,心理方面遭受严重打击。到漱石20岁的时候,漱石重新加入夏目家族。因此漱石心里十分厌恶世事的功利。此阶段的生活经历直接形成了漱石敏感、自卑与神经质的性格。汉学的影响:汉文学与唐宋时期的禅画,成为漱石少年时期的精神寄托。在二松学舍里,漱石系统的学习了以儒家、佛教、道教为代表的经典典籍。为以后的文学、汉诗创作打下了良好的基础。但同时,思想当中接受了禅宗思想。西方文化的冲击:尽管漱石在英国期间精神受到了严重的打击,心理产生了巨大的阴影,压力无法排解。参禅成为一个舒缓压力的方法。同时在英国期间接触到了欧洲国家先进的经济与思想理念。这也为以后的文学创作提供了一条可供借鉴的视角。其次,试对漱石有禅宗思想的部分作品进行分析在小说作品方面:漱石的小说当中多处描写到了与禅宗相关的内容。本文主要对漱石自身参禅经历为主的小说“门”当中的内容,进行分析。在汉诗方面:将针对不同时期的汉诗作品进行分析。再次,对《梦二夜》中含有的禅宗公案进行分析从武士参禅、“无”与“棒、喝”公案、“与谢芜村”的禅画、从“一念天堂”公案四方面进行分析。得出结论:武士最终开悟,放下屠刀。悟道成功。最后,从武士与禅僧的形象方面进行分析。对《梦二夜》当中的武士刀进行分析得出:武士所代表的旧阶级已经衰落,被新社会所代替成为必然的趋势。针对武士和禅师进行镜像分析得出:对新文化的接受与本土文化的保护方面分析,武士内心的激烈冲突就是漱石的内心镜像反应。站在禅师角度对普通民众进行“点化”分析,此时的禅师就是漱石在实际行动上的镜像反映。最终得出本论文结论:《梦二夜》中武士与禅师的形象就是不同阶段与不同观察视角下的漱石本人的镜像统一体。
[Abstract]:Natsume Soseki is a great critical realism writer in the Meiji period of Japan. The scholar, known as the "national great writer" of Japan, has a supernatural talent in understanding literature and mastering language, and has been in contact with advanced scientific and technological achievements in Europe during the early days of the reform of Japan and accepted advanced thought. In the short more than 10 years of creation, gargle left the Japanese literary world with a number of novels and numerous literary reviews, Chinese poetry, haiku, essays. At the age of 41, the theme of a dream in the Asahi news was linked to the Asahi news at the age of 41. Ten small stories. In view of the content of "dream two night >", the author tries to analyze and study from the following aspects. First, the great social background of the creation of the creative background of the gargle < dream two night > > dream two night > was created after the war of Russia and Russia. With the victory of Japan, the international status has risen, and the Japanese become arrogant and blind. There is a fierce conflict between the idea of completely removing Asia from Europe and protecting the traditional cultural thought of the Japanese native. The family of the individual background of the creation is that the gargle family belongs to a middle class Samurai family. Therefore, it will be invisible to the influence of the samurai life and thinking habits, and the habit of samurai Shen Shen will also be stored as the invisible information inside his thought. In the youth life: gargle was soon born by his parents to be sent to others and suffered severe psychological shock. When gargle was 20 years old, gargle rejoined the Xia Mu family. So gargle was very dislike of the utility of the world. The life experience of this stage directly formed the sensitive, inferiority and neurotic character of gargle. The influence of Han Chinese Literature: Chinese Literature The Zen paintings in the Tang and Song Dynasties became the spiritual sustenance of the juvenile gargle. In the two Song school, gargle learned the classic classics represented by Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism. It laid a good foundation for the future literature and the creation of Chinese poetry. At the same time, the thought accepted the Zen thought. The impact of Western Culture: gargle in Britain During the period, the spirit was badly hit, the psychology produced a huge shadow and the pressure could not be solved. The meditation became a way to relieve the pressure. Meanwhile, the advanced economic and ideological ideas of the European countries were exposed during the period of England. This also provided a reference view for future literary creation. Secondly, try to have Zen Buddhism in gargle. Some of the works of the thought are analyzed in the novel works: the novels in the gargle are mostly described to the content related to the Zen. This article mainly analyzes the contents of the "gate" of the gargle, which is the main story of his own meditation experience. In the aspect of Han poetry, we will analyze the Chinese poetry in different periods. Again, "the two night of the dream >" The Zen public case contained in the analysis is analyzed from the samurai meditation, the "no" and "the stick, the drink", and the Zen paintings of "Xiang Xie village" from four aspects. The conclusion is that the samurai finally enlightened, laid down the knife and succeeded. Finally, the image of the warrior and the Zen monk was analyzed. The martial arts in the middle of the "dream of two nights >" According to the analysis, the old class represented by the samurai has declined and was replaced by the new society as an inevitable trend. The analysis of the mirror image of the warrior and the Zen master shows that the inner mirror reaction of the warrior is the inner mirror reaction of the gargle. Through the "point out" analysis, the Zen master at this time is a mirror reflection on the actual action of gargle. Finally, the conclusion of this thesis is that the image of "two nights in the dream" is the image unity of the gargle himself in different stages and different observation angles.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I313.074
本文编号：2146966
[Abstract]:Natsume Soseki is a great critical realism writer in the Meiji period of Japan. The scholar, known as the "national great writer" of Japan, has a supernatural talent in understanding literature and mastering language, and has been in contact with advanced scientific and technological achievements in Europe during the early days of the reform of Japan and accepted advanced thought. In the short more than 10 years of creation, gargle left the Japanese literary world with a number of novels and numerous literary reviews, Chinese poetry, haiku, essays. At the age of 41, the theme of a dream in the Asahi news was linked to the Asahi news at the age of 41. Ten small stories. In view of the content of "dream two night >", the author tries to analyze and study from the following aspects. First, the great social background of the creation of the creative background of the gargle < dream two night > > dream two night > was created after the war of Russia and Russia. With the victory of Japan, the international status has risen, and the Japanese become arrogant and blind. There is a fierce conflict between the idea of completely removing Asia from Europe and protecting the traditional cultural thought of the Japanese native. The family of the individual background of the creation is that the gargle family belongs to a middle class Samurai family. Therefore, it will be invisible to the influence of the samurai life and thinking habits, and the habit of samurai Shen Shen will also be stored as the invisible information inside his thought. In the youth life: gargle was soon born by his parents to be sent to others and suffered severe psychological shock. When gargle was 20 years old, gargle rejoined the Xia Mu family. So gargle was very dislike of the utility of the world. The life experience of this stage directly formed the sensitive, inferiority and neurotic character of gargle. The influence of Han Chinese Literature: Chinese Literature The Zen paintings in the Tang and Song Dynasties became the spiritual sustenance of the juvenile gargle. In the two Song school, gargle learned the classic classics represented by Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism. It laid a good foundation for the future literature and the creation of Chinese poetry. At the same time, the thought accepted the Zen thought. The impact of Western Culture: gargle in Britain During the period, the spirit was badly hit, the psychology produced a huge shadow and the pressure could not be solved. The meditation became a way to relieve the pressure. Meanwhile, the advanced economic and ideological ideas of the European countries were exposed during the period of England. This also provided a reference view for future literary creation. Secondly, try to have Zen Buddhism in gargle. Some of the works of the thought are analyzed in the novel works: the novels in the gargle are mostly described to the content related to the Zen. This article mainly analyzes the contents of the "gate" of the gargle, which is the main story of his own meditation experience. In the aspect of Han poetry, we will analyze the Chinese poetry in different periods. Again, "the two night of the dream >" The Zen public case contained in the analysis is analyzed from the samurai meditation, the "no" and "the stick, the drink", and the Zen paintings of "Xiang Xie village" from four aspects. The conclusion is that the samurai finally enlightened, laid down the knife and succeeded. Finally, the image of the warrior and the Zen monk was analyzed. The martial arts in the middle of the "dream of two nights >" According to the analysis, the old class represented by the samurai has declined and was replaced by the new society as an inevitable trend. The analysis of the mirror image of the warrior and the Zen master shows that the inner mirror reaction of the warrior is the inner mirror reaction of the gargle. Through the "point out" analysis, the Zen master at this time is a mirror reflection on the actual action of gargle. Finally, the conclusion of this thesis is that the image of "two nights in the dream" is the image unity of the gargle himself in different stages and different observation angles.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I313.074
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