论《在西方目光下》对俄罗斯精神的书写
发布时间：2018-07-28 15:36
【摘要】：约瑟夫·康拉德的小说《在西方目光下》集中描述了 19世纪末20世纪初俄罗斯人的生活和精神状态。论文将对小说中的俄罗斯精神进行记述、反思、批判,以图更加丰富、客观揭示俄罗斯精神的实质与蕴涵。论文分为三部分:第一章主要是对《在西方目光下》中呈现的俄罗斯精神的具体勾勒,指出“愤世嫉俗”是俄罗斯精神的标志,并显现俄罗斯精神的具体内涵。接下来,论文对小说中呈现的俄式愤世嫉俗进行了深入剖析,揭示俄式愤世嫉俗的两大特征:不切实际与不负责任。第二章对小说中呈现由俄式愤世嫉俗所造成的恶果进行具体叙述,剖析愤世嫉俗所造成的道德虚无主义的盛行和暴力的泛滥,揭示其对俄国社会各个阶层:专制统治者、革命者、普通人造成的精神损害。第三章通过揭示英国老教师第一人称内叙述的弊端,指出叙述者通过这种视角对俄罗斯精神下的各种论断其实是将俄罗斯放在西方精神对立面,对其“他者化”的产物。与此同时,它还严重遮蔽了俄罗斯精神中正面积极的成分,实际上,小说的主人公恰恰是通过这些积极成分获得救赎的。接着通过剖析小说中的不可靠叙述,展现出康拉德内心的矛盾,揭示出俄罗斯精神书写的复杂性。最后通过展现不同目光下的俄罗斯精神,从而走出西方目光,为寻求全面、丰富理解俄罗斯精神寻求新路径。
[Abstract]:Joseph Conrad's novel, under Western eyes, focuses on the life and mental state of Russians in the late 19th century and early 20th century. This paper will describe, reflect and criticize the Russian spirit in the novel in order to enrich and objectively reveal the essence and implication of the Russian spirit. The thesis is divided into three parts: the first chapter is the specific outline of the Russian spirit in "under the eyes of the West", pointing out that "cynicism" is the symbol of the Russian spirit, and shows the specific connotation of the Russian spirit. Then, the thesis deeply analyzes the Russian cynicism in the novel, and reveals the two characteristics of Russian cynicism: impractical and irresponsible. The second chapter gives a concrete account of the evil effect caused by Russian cynicism in the novel, analyzes the prevalence of moral nihilism and violence caused by cynicism, and reveals its influence on all strata of Russian society: the autocratic rulers. The mental damage caused by revolutionaries or ordinary people. The third chapter reveals the defects of the first person narration of the old English teachers, and points out that the narrator's various assertions about the Russian spirit through this perspective are actually the product of putting Russia on the opposite side of the western spirit and making it "other-oriented". At the same time, it also obscures the positive elements of Russian spirit. In fact, the protagonist of the novel is redeemed by these positive elements. Then, by analyzing the unreliable narration in the novel, it reveals Conrad's inner contradiction and reveals the complexity of Russian spiritual writing. Finally, by showing the Russian spirit under different eyes, we seek a new way to seek comprehensive and rich understanding of Russian spirit.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I561.074
本文编号：2150739
[Abstract]:Joseph Conrad's novel, under Western eyes, focuses on the life and mental state of Russians in the late 19th century and early 20th century. This paper will describe, reflect and criticize the Russian spirit in the novel in order to enrich and objectively reveal the essence and implication of the Russian spirit. The thesis is divided into three parts: the first chapter is the specific outline of the Russian spirit in "under the eyes of the West", pointing out that "cynicism" is the symbol of the Russian spirit, and shows the specific connotation of the Russian spirit. Then, the thesis deeply analyzes the Russian cynicism in the novel, and reveals the two characteristics of Russian cynicism: impractical and irresponsible. The second chapter gives a concrete account of the evil effect caused by Russian cynicism in the novel, analyzes the prevalence of moral nihilism and violence caused by cynicism, and reveals its influence on all strata of Russian society: the autocratic rulers. The mental damage caused by revolutionaries or ordinary people. The third chapter reveals the defects of the first person narration of the old English teachers, and points out that the narrator's various assertions about the Russian spirit through this perspective are actually the product of putting Russia on the opposite side of the western spirit and making it "other-oriented". At the same time, it also obscures the positive elements of Russian spirit. In fact, the protagonist of the novel is redeemed by these positive elements. Then, by analyzing the unreliable narration in the novel, it reveals Conrad's inner contradiction and reveals the complexity of Russian spiritual writing. Finally, by showing the Russian spirit under different eyes, we seek a new way to seek comprehensive and rich understanding of Russian spirit.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I561.074
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