《已知的世界》的文学伦理学解读
发布时间：2018-10-05 07:02
【摘要】：爱德华·保罗·琼斯是当代美国文学界杰出的黑人作家之一。到目前为止,他仅仅出版了三部小说。其中第二部小说《已知的世界》因其独特的主题取得了巨大的成功。这部小说书写了内战前美国南方存在黑人奴隶主的一段鲜为人知的历史事实。《已知的世界》以黑人奴隶主亨利为主线,集结白人奴隶主、贫苦白人、自由黑人、印第安人等多个维度,展现了复杂奴隶制下美国南方社会的全貌。自2003年小说出版以来,《已知的世界》获得许多学者和批评家的高度关注。虽然也有一些评论家从叙事技巧、文本特点等角度对小说进行了相关研究,但是从文学伦理学批评的角度来解读这部小说的研究甚少。因此,本文将运用文学伦理学的批评方法来阐释这部小说。这篇论文以文学伦理学批评的理论为基础,通过逐一分析《已知的世界》中的伦理环境、伦理身份、伦理意识,尝试探索奴隶制度下复杂的伦理机制对人性的影响以及探究作者琼斯的伦理追求。这篇论文共分为六个章节:第一章简要地介绍作家爱德华·保罗·琼斯及其小说《已知的世界》,作家作品的文献研究现状,本论文的研究意义以及框架结构。第二章提出本论文研究的理论依据,简要介绍文学伦理学批评的理论来源以及文学伦理学批评方法的主要内容。第三章主要从三个方面分析《已知的世界》中的伦理环境:社会伦理环境、家庭伦理环境和宗教伦理环境。本章揭示了内战前的美国南方社会已经形成了以奴隶制度为基础的伦理机制,一些黑人在这种社会伦理环境以及家庭伦理环境的双重影响下,选择成为黑人奴隶主并利用基督教教义控制黑人同胞。但与此同时,基督教爱的伦理思想也给予黑奴勇气打破伦理机制,并且指引一些白人帮助他们。第四章主要从三个方面分析《已知的世界》中的伦理身份:社会伦理身份、家庭伦理身份、两性伦理身份。本章揭示了伦理机制下复杂的人性:一方面,一些黑人有着强烈的愿望打破基于奴隶制度形成的伦理机制,但是他们最终被白人社会所同化;而另一方面,亲情与真爱也在一些白人与黑人之间存在着。第五章对比分析了《已知的世界》中不同角色的伦理意识:人道与残酷的对立,渴望自由与追逐权力的对立,反抗和屈服的对立。这几组伦理意识的冲突反映了奴隶制社会下复杂的人性。第六章是本论文的结论部分。本文揭示了奴隶制度下复杂的伦理机制对人性的影响。有些黑人伦理意识觉醒,他们冲破伦理机制的桎梏追求自由;而有些黑人未能摆脱奴隶制度的枷锁,追逐权力,迫害同胞。另一方面,有些白人是伦理机制的捍卫者迫害黑人,而有些白人冲破了伦理机制与黑人和谐共处。本文的作者认为《已知的世界》表达了琼斯渴望建立黑人与白人之间和谐关系的伦理诉求。
[Abstract]:Edward Paul Jones is one of the outstanding black writers in contemporary American literature. So far, he has published only three novels. The second novel, the known World, has achieved great success because of its unique themes. The novel is about a little-known historical fact of the existence of black slave owners in the South before the Civil War. The known World is a collection of white slave owners, poor whites, and free blacks, taking Henry, the black slave owner, as the main thread. Indian and other dimensions, show the complex slavery of the southern society of the United States. Since the publication of the novel in 2003, the known World has attracted great attention from many scholars and critics. Although some critics have studied the novel from the angles of narrative technique and text characteristics, there is little research on the interpretation of the novel from the angle of literary ethics criticism. Therefore, this article will use the literary ethics criticism method to explain this novel. Based on the theory of literary ethics criticism, this paper analyzes the ethical environment, ethical identity and ethical consciousness in the known World one by one. This paper attempts to explore the influence of the complex ethical mechanism under slavery on human nature and the author's ethical pursuit. This thesis is divided into six chapters: the first chapter briefly introduces the writer Edward Paul Jones and his novel the known World, the literature research status of the author's works, the significance of the research and the frame structure of this thesis. The second chapter puts forward the theoretical basis of this thesis, briefly introduces the theoretical sources of literary ethics criticism and the main content of literary ethics criticism methods. The third chapter mainly analyzes the ethical environment in the known World from three aspects: the social ethical environment, the family ethical environment and the religious ethical environment. This chapter reveals that the Southern American society before the Civil War had formed an ethical mechanism based on slavery. Some black people were influenced by both the social ethical environment and the family ethical environment. He chose to be a black slave owner and to use Christian doctrine to control his fellow blacks. But at the same time, Christian love of ethics also gave slaves the courage to break down ethical mechanisms and guide some whites to help them. The fourth chapter mainly analyzes the ethical identity in the known World from three aspects: social ethical identity, family ethical identity, and gender ethical identity. This chapter reveals the complex human nature under the ethical mechanism: on the one hand, some black people have a strong desire to break the ethical mechanism based on slavery, but they are eventually assimilated by white society; on the other hand, Affection and true love also exist between some whites and blacks. Chapter five contrasts and analyzes the ethical consciousness of different roles in the known World: the opposition between humanity and cruelty, the opposition between the desire for freedom and the pursuit of power, the opposition between resistance and submission. These conflicts of ethical consciousness reflect the complex human nature in slavery society. The sixth chapter is the conclusion of this paper. This paper reveals the influence of complex ethical mechanism on human nature under slavery. Some blacks awakened their ethical consciousness and broke through the shackles of ethical mechanism in pursuit of freedom while some blacks failed to free themselves from the yoke of slavery and pursued power and persecuted their compatriots. On the other hand, some whites are defenders of ethical institutions persecuting blacks, while others break through ethical mechanisms and live in harmony with blacks. The author believes that the known World expresses Jones' desire to build a harmonious relationship between blacks and whites.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I712.074
本文编号：2252455
[Abstract]:Edward Paul Jones is one of the outstanding black writers in contemporary American literature. So far, he has published only three novels. The second novel, the known World, has achieved great success because of its unique themes. The novel is about a little-known historical fact of the existence of black slave owners in the South before the Civil War. The known World is a collection of white slave owners, poor whites, and free blacks, taking Henry, the black slave owner, as the main thread. Indian and other dimensions, show the complex slavery of the southern society of the United States. Since the publication of the novel in 2003, the known World has attracted great attention from many scholars and critics. Although some critics have studied the novel from the angles of narrative technique and text characteristics, there is little research on the interpretation of the novel from the angle of literary ethics criticism. Therefore, this article will use the literary ethics criticism method to explain this novel. Based on the theory of literary ethics criticism, this paper analyzes the ethical environment, ethical identity and ethical consciousness in the known World one by one. This paper attempts to explore the influence of the complex ethical mechanism under slavery on human nature and the author's ethical pursuit. This thesis is divided into six chapters: the first chapter briefly introduces the writer Edward Paul Jones and his novel the known World, the literature research status of the author's works, the significance of the research and the frame structure of this thesis. The second chapter puts forward the theoretical basis of this thesis, briefly introduces the theoretical sources of literary ethics criticism and the main content of literary ethics criticism methods. The third chapter mainly analyzes the ethical environment in the known World from three aspects: the social ethical environment, the family ethical environment and the religious ethical environment. This chapter reveals that the Southern American society before the Civil War had formed an ethical mechanism based on slavery. Some black people were influenced by both the social ethical environment and the family ethical environment. He chose to be a black slave owner and to use Christian doctrine to control his fellow blacks. But at the same time, Christian love of ethics also gave slaves the courage to break down ethical mechanisms and guide some whites to help them. The fourth chapter mainly analyzes the ethical identity in the known World from three aspects: social ethical identity, family ethical identity, and gender ethical identity. This chapter reveals the complex human nature under the ethical mechanism: on the one hand, some black people have a strong desire to break the ethical mechanism based on slavery, but they are eventually assimilated by white society; on the other hand, Affection and true love also exist between some whites and blacks. Chapter five contrasts and analyzes the ethical consciousness of different roles in the known World: the opposition between humanity and cruelty, the opposition between the desire for freedom and the pursuit of power, the opposition between resistance and submission. These conflicts of ethical consciousness reflect the complex human nature in slavery society. The sixth chapter is the conclusion of this paper. This paper reveals the influence of complex ethical mechanism on human nature under slavery. Some blacks awakened their ethical consciousness and broke through the shackles of ethical mechanism in pursuit of freedom while some blacks failed to free themselves from the yoke of slavery and pursued power and persecuted their compatriots. On the other hand, some whites are defenders of ethical institutions persecuting blacks, while others break through ethical mechanisms and live in harmony with blacks. The author believes that the known World expresses Jones' desire to build a harmonious relationship between blacks and whites.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I712.074
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