“世界毁灭，还是让我不喝茶？”—《地下室手记》中的“非英雄形象”叙事
发布时间：2018-11-23 19:10
【摘要】：陀思妥耶夫斯基不仅是一位伟大的作家,更是天才的辩证论者。他的作品《地下室手记》是作者从外部环境描述到人物内心探索的转折性作品。本文尝试将《地下室手记》中地下人看做非英雄形象来探究陀思妥耶夫斯基作品中所蕴含的心理学以及哲学思想。引文部分主要介绍国内外各个阶段对于《地下室手记》的研究历史和现状,阐释本论文的研究意义、研究任务、研究方法。第一章主要是对“非英雄”进行分析。以时间为序描述了世界文学中英雄的没落到非英雄的崛起这一现象。并且提出了俄罗斯式的“非英雄”形象在《地下室手记》中的体现。第二章分析地下人出现的原因。对于陀思妥耶夫斯基创作思想的转变,我们认为应从作家的人生经历、社会历史背景以及个人因素来讨论。第三章是本文的主要部分。从心理学以及存在主义哲学两个方面对于地下人做了详细的分析。第一部分运用弗洛伊德的有关观点,从本我、自我和超我,生死本能,道德焦虑三个方面展开讨论。在第二部分中我们首先从地下人对理性的反抗入手,得出地下人追求的是随心所欲的自由。从而进一步阐释“这自由中埋藏着死亡的种子,是生命中不能承受之轻”的观点。结论部分主要概述了本论文的基本观点,研究上的不足以及研究前景。迄今为止,我们仍在试图通过作品来了解陀思妥耶夫斯基的深刻思想。而“注释的五花八门并非取决于陀思妥耶夫斯基在表述其理念时的某种不清晰性,而是相反,取决于其理念的复杂性和深刻性”(1)。希望本文能对《地下室手记》的进一步研究有所借鉴。
[Abstract]:Dostoevsky is not only a great writer, but also a genius dialectic. His work, "Notes in the basement", is a turning point from the description of the external environment to the inner exploration of the characters. This paper attempts to explore the psychological and philosophical ideas contained in Dostoevsky's works by treating the underground man as a non-hero in Notes in the basement. The citation part mainly introduces the history and present situation of the research on the basement notes at various stages at home and abroad, explains the research significance, research task and research methods of this paper. The first chapter is the analysis of non-hero. This paper describes the phenomenon of the decline of heroes to the rise of non-heroes in world literature in the order of time. And put forward the Russian-style "non-hero" image in the basement notes. The second chapter analyzes the causes of underground people. As for the change of Dostoevsky's creative thought, we should discuss the writer's life experience, social and historical background and personal factors. The third chapter is the main part of this paper. This paper makes a detailed analysis of underground people from two aspects of psychology and existential philosophy. The first part uses Freud's views to discuss the ego, ego and superego, the instinct of life and death, and moral anxiety. In the second part, we begin with the underground people's resistance to reason, and draw the conclusion that the underground people pursue the freedom of what they want. To further explain the view that the seed of death buried in freedom is the unbearable light of life. The conclusion part mainly summarizes the basic point of view, the deficiency of the research and the research prospect. Up to now, we are still trying to understand Dostoevsky's profound thoughts through his works. "the variety of annotations is not determined by Dostoevsky's ambiguity in expressing his ideas, but on the contrary, by the complexity and profundity of his ideas" (1). It is hoped that this paper can be used for reference in the further study of the basement Notes.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I512.074
本文编号：2352449
[Abstract]:Dostoevsky is not only a great writer, but also a genius dialectic. His work, "Notes in the basement", is a turning point from the description of the external environment to the inner exploration of the characters. This paper attempts to explore the psychological and philosophical ideas contained in Dostoevsky's works by treating the underground man as a non-hero in Notes in the basement. The citation part mainly introduces the history and present situation of the research on the basement notes at various stages at home and abroad, explains the research significance, research task and research methods of this paper. The first chapter is the analysis of non-hero. This paper describes the phenomenon of the decline of heroes to the rise of non-heroes in world literature in the order of time. And put forward the Russian-style "non-hero" image in the basement notes. The second chapter analyzes the causes of underground people. As for the change of Dostoevsky's creative thought, we should discuss the writer's life experience, social and historical background and personal factors. The third chapter is the main part of this paper. This paper makes a detailed analysis of underground people from two aspects of psychology and existential philosophy. The first part uses Freud's views to discuss the ego, ego and superego, the instinct of life and death, and moral anxiety. In the second part, we begin with the underground people's resistance to reason, and draw the conclusion that the underground people pursue the freedom of what they want. To further explain the view that the seed of death buried in freedom is the unbearable light of life. The conclusion part mainly summarizes the basic point of view, the deficiency of the research and the research prospect. Up to now, we are still trying to understand Dostoevsky's profound thoughts through his works. "the variety of annotations is not determined by Dostoevsky's ambiguity in expressing his ideas, but on the contrary, by the complexity and profundity of his ideas" (1). It is hoped that this paper can be used for reference in the further study of the basement Notes.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I512.074
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