哈代“威赛克斯”小说的生态伦理理论分析

发布时间：2019-02-11 12:46

【摘要】：托马斯·哈代是19世纪英国诗人、小说家。他是横跨两个世纪的杰出作家,早期和中期的创作以小说为主,继承和发扬了维多利亚时代的文学传统;晚年以其出色的诗歌开拓了英国20世纪的文学。他的“威塞克斯”小说,具有深刻的社会内涵。面对当今环境污染、雾霾等生态问题,人类现在开始认真思考人与大自然的关系。本文在生态伦理理论的基础上,本文从新的视角对哈代的《远离尘嚣》、《卡斯特桥市长》、《无名的裘德》这三部作品进行研究,体会哈代高度的社会责任感和强烈的和谐生态观。本论文由三个章节组成。第一章从自然本身的角度来分析哈代笔下的威塞克斯农村在工业革命的深入下所发生的变化,分别从大自然面貌的变化和人对待动物的态度的转变来说明哈代对大自然热爱的生态思想。第二章总结“威塞克斯”乡村人民的变化,从人性和他们之间的爱情的变化来说明人与人之间的关系日渐冷漠,工业文明对人类的摧残。第三章从人与自然的关系角度描写威塞克斯世界的变迁的原因。人类在工业文明的影响下失去了往日和自然的和谐关系,生存环境遭到严重破坏,导致人们在精神上和现实生活中感到痛苦不堪,这就是大自然对人类的惩罚。那个时代当其他作家的注意力集中于工业化对人类社会的促进积极方面,哈代考虑的是人与人的关系和生态平衡,超越了同时代的其他作家。在英国文学史上写下重要的篇章。结论中指出,在当今社会生态环境严重破坏的情况下,研究托马斯·哈代的小说对于我们具有非常积极的现实意义。
[Abstract]:Thomas Hardy was a 19th century English poet and novelist. He was an outstanding writer spanning two centuries. His early and middle works were mainly novels, which inherited and carried forward the literary tradition of Victorian era. In his later years, he developed the English literature of the 20th century with his outstanding poems. His novels of Wessex have profound social connotations. In the face of environmental pollution, haze and other ecological problems, human beings now begin to seriously consider the relationship between man and nature. Based on the theory of ecological ethics, this paper studies Hardy's three works, the Mayor of Casterbridge, the unknown Jude, from a new angle of view. Experience Hardy's high sense of social responsibility and a strong view of harmonious ecology. This thesis consists of three chapters. The first chapter from the perspective of nature itself to analyze Hardy's Wessex rural changes in the depth of the industrial revolution, The ecological thoughts of Hardy's love of nature are illustrated by the changes of nature and the attitude of human beings towards animals. The second chapter summarizes the changes of "Wessex" rural people, from the changes of human nature and their love to explain the increasingly indifferent relationship between people, industrial civilization to human destruction. The third chapter describes the reasons for the change of Wessex world from the angle of the relationship between man and nature. Under the influence of industrial civilization, mankind has lost the harmonious relationship between the past and nature, and the living environment has been seriously destroyed, which leads to the suffering of people in spirit and real life, which is the punishment of nature to human beings. When other writers focused their attention on the positive aspects of industrialization in promoting human society, Hardy considered the relationship between people and ecological balance, surpassing other writers of his time. Write an important chapter in the history of English literature. In conclusion, it is pointed out that the study of Thomas Hardy's novels is of great practical significance to us when the ecological environment is seriously damaged.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I561.074

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