老挝寓言故事《休沙瓦》的母题研究
发布时间：2019-03-30 20:33
【摘要】：《休沙瓦》是一部很有代表性的老挝寓言故事集,诞生于澜沧王国经济最繁荣也是佛教发展最为鼎盛的时期并流传至今。该故事集蕴含着丰富的故事母题,教育价值高。母题(Motif)是文学作品中最小的叙述单位,在文学作品中一再出现,具有某种不寻常的力量。在文学作品的传承演变中,母题是不变的,母题研究法是文学研究中的重要方法之一,但在老挝文学研究领域尚未受到广泛关注。笔者以"休沙瓦"和"母题"为主题,对国内外文献资料进行了收集、整理和研究分析,并结合现有的母题索引和国内外学者的研究成果,在对《休沙瓦》内容进行细读分析的基础上,运用文学理论、文献研究法、母题研究法和分析综合法等开展研究。本文从母题角度入手,对作品中出现的主要母题进行详细归类和分析,较为全面地挖掘《休沙瓦》一书中的主要母题,并对各类母题进行了研究总结。此外,结合前人研究,对《休沙瓦》的创作特点、创作时间和作者信息进一步作了详细研究和考证。结合《休沙瓦》一书中提到的内容和真实历史事件,笔者推测该书的成书时间在老挝澜沧王国时期苏利亚旺萨王统治期间,且在1641年末到18世纪初期之间,而作品创作者很可能是曾随法国船队出海航行的老挝船队队长关芒梯或同行人员。在创作艺术手法方面,故事集在整体上采取"连串插入式"结构行文,这种框架结构出现在众多东西方著名故事集中,极大提升了作品的包容性和可读性,有很强的艺术感染力;在单篇故事中,多是以一句谚语起头,然后通过相关故事阐述谚语含义,最后以休沙瓦的总结和教育结尾。《休沙瓦》是第一部用白话文书写的老挝故事集,整体上以白话文为主,夹杂少量韵文,既利于读者理解又方便记忆;单篇故事中的语言风格也随其功能不同而各有特点。参考现有母题索引的分类方法,本文将《休沙瓦》中的主要母题分为三大类:动物故事母题、宗教观念母题、智慧与愚蠢母题,并在每类母题下面又进一步细化分类。通过分析各类母题,揭示母题的特点和意义,同时从侧面展示出澜沧时期的社会生活。通过分析与研究发现,《休沙瓦》中的部分母题与一些世界著名文学作品,尤其是印度古代文学、佛经故事中的母题相似重合,从此可以看出《休沙瓦》深受印度文学的目前学界对于《休沙瓦》的关注度还不高,研究也多侧重于故事中的宗教思想研究。本文另辟蹊径,对该书的主要母题进行归类分析,以丰富人们对这部作品的认识,并从新角度认识老挝寓言与国内外文学作品的交流关系,希望对后续研究具有一定的参考作用。
[Abstract]:Sheshawar is a representative collection of Laotian allegorical stories, born in Lancang Kingdom during the most prosperous and the most prosperous period of Buddhism and has been handed down to this day. The story collection contains a wealth of story motifs, high educational value. The motif (Motif) is the smallest narrative unit in literary works. In the process of the inheritance and evolution of literary works, the motif is invariable. The motif study is one of the important methods in literary research, but it has not been paid much attention to in the field of Lao literature research. On the theme of "Hueshawar" and "motif", the author collects, arranges and analyzes the domestic and foreign literature and data, and combines the existing motif index and the research results of domestic and foreign scholars. On the basis of careful reading and analysis of the contents of "Hueshawar", the research is carried out by means of literature theory, literature research method, motif study method and analysis synthesis method. From the perspective of motif, this paper classifies and analyzes the main motifs in the works in detail, excavates the main motifs in Hueshawar, and summarizes all kinds of motifs. In addition, combined with previous studies, the author makes a detailed study and textual research on the creation characteristics, creation time and author information of Hueshawar. In the light of the contents mentioned in the book Shushawar and the real historical events, the author speculates that the book was written during the reign of King Sulayawanza in the period of Lancang Kingdom, Laos, and between the end of 1641 and the early 18th century. And the author of the work is likely to have been sailing with the French fleet of Lao fleet captain Guandi or colleagues. As far as artistic techniques are concerned, the story collection takes a "series of insertion" structure as a whole. This frame structure appears in many famous stories of East and West, which greatly enhances the inclusiveness and readability of the works. Strong artistic appeal; In a single story, it begins with a proverb, then explains the meaning of the proverb through the relevant story, and ends with the summary and education of Shushawar, the first collection of Lao stories written in vernacular. On the whole, the vernacular text is mainly composed of a small number of rhymes, which is convenient for readers to understand and memorize. The language style of a single story also has its own characteristics depending on its function. Referring to the existing classification methods of motif index, this paper classifies the main motifs in Hueshawar into three categories: animal story motif, religious concept motif, wisdom and folly motif, and further classifies them further under each kind of motif. Through the analysis of all kinds of motifs, the characteristics and significance of the motifs are revealed, and the social life of Lancang period is revealed from the side. Through analysis and research, it is found that some of the motifs in Hueshawar are similar to those in some world-famous literary works, especially in ancient Indian literature, and in the sutras of Buddhism. From then on, it can be seen that Sheshawar has not been paid much attention to by the scholars of Indian literature at present, and the study also focuses on the religious thought in the story. This paper tries to find another way to classify and analyze the main motifs of the book, in order to enrich people's understanding of the work, and to understand the relationship between Lao fables and literary works both at home and abroad from a new point of view. Hope to have certain reference function to the follow-up research.
【学位授予单位】：北京外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I334.077
本文编号：2450459
[Abstract]:Sheshawar is a representative collection of Laotian allegorical stories, born in Lancang Kingdom during the most prosperous and the most prosperous period of Buddhism and has been handed down to this day. The story collection contains a wealth of story motifs, high educational value. The motif (Motif) is the smallest narrative unit in literary works. In the process of the inheritance and evolution of literary works, the motif is invariable. The motif study is one of the important methods in literary research, but it has not been paid much attention to in the field of Lao literature research. On the theme of "Hueshawar" and "motif", the author collects, arranges and analyzes the domestic and foreign literature and data, and combines the existing motif index and the research results of domestic and foreign scholars. On the basis of careful reading and analysis of the contents of "Hueshawar", the research is carried out by means of literature theory, literature research method, motif study method and analysis synthesis method. From the perspective of motif, this paper classifies and analyzes the main motifs in the works in detail, excavates the main motifs in Hueshawar, and summarizes all kinds of motifs. In addition, combined with previous studies, the author makes a detailed study and textual research on the creation characteristics, creation time and author information of Hueshawar. In the light of the contents mentioned in the book Shushawar and the real historical events, the author speculates that the book was written during the reign of King Sulayawanza in the period of Lancang Kingdom, Laos, and between the end of 1641 and the early 18th century. And the author of the work is likely to have been sailing with the French fleet of Lao fleet captain Guandi or colleagues. As far as artistic techniques are concerned, the story collection takes a "series of insertion" structure as a whole. This frame structure appears in many famous stories of East and West, which greatly enhances the inclusiveness and readability of the works. Strong artistic appeal; In a single story, it begins with a proverb, then explains the meaning of the proverb through the relevant story, and ends with the summary and education of Shushawar, the first collection of Lao stories written in vernacular. On the whole, the vernacular text is mainly composed of a small number of rhymes, which is convenient for readers to understand and memorize. The language style of a single story also has its own characteristics depending on its function. Referring to the existing classification methods of motif index, this paper classifies the main motifs in Hueshawar into three categories: animal story motif, religious concept motif, wisdom and folly motif, and further classifies them further under each kind of motif. Through the analysis of all kinds of motifs, the characteristics and significance of the motifs are revealed, and the social life of Lancang period is revealed from the side. Through analysis and research, it is found that some of the motifs in Hueshawar are similar to those in some world-famous literary works, especially in ancient Indian literature, and in the sutras of Buddhism. From then on, it can be seen that Sheshawar has not been paid much attention to by the scholars of Indian literature at present, and the study also focuses on the religious thought in the story. This paper tries to find another way to classify and analyze the main motifs of the book, in order to enrich people's understanding of the work, and to understand the relationship between Lao fables and literary works both at home and abroad from a new point of view. Hope to have certain reference function to the follow-up research.
【学位授予单位】：北京外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I334.077
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