品特戏剧的关联研究

发布时间：2020-09-30 01:24

　　本文旨在考察将关联理论应用于戏剧文本分析的可行性。这项研究主要包括两部分,其一为从关联理论角度建构戏剧阐释的框架,其二是将这一理论框架用于对哈罗德·品特剧本的分析。文章首先回顾了前人对于关联理论的研究成果以及将这一理论应用于话语分析方面的实例,然后在借鉴这些研究成果的基础上,提出了一个从关联论角度进行文本分析的框架,其中涉及的元素除关联性以外可分为三个层面,即语言层面,视觉层面和超语言层面。在三个层面的要素中,语言层面(包括其中涉及的各种因素)构成了文本分析的主要对象,而推理则是获取意义的主要手段。由于交际双方对话语的解读都不可避免地涉及到关联这一理念,于是关联成为统辖推理的原则。在推理过程中,从语义、句法、语音等各个方面提取的特点对推理起引导作用,同时借助百科知识及语境提示得出的假设在必要时成为调整推理路径的辅助性手段。按常理,解读者在交际过程中处理以上因素并理解意义时常采用整合手法。为了说明这一框架的合理性以及可操作性,我们用它来分析品特的两个剧本:《生日晚会》和《回家》。本项研究发现:1)将戏剧阐释视为带着关联期待不断推理、更新语境假设的过程,不失为一种合理的尝试;2)随着推理的不断深入,小到语义、句法、语音,大到文本,从各个层面读取的特点成为推理的提示及向导;3)借助于对潜在隐含意义的筛选,我们最初的理解得以加强、充实,或因受到质疑而改变;4)随着认知语境中储备的信息不断增加,我们解读的关联程度越来越高,剧作家构思安排的意图也因此渐渐得以明示。
【学位单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位年份】：2007
【中图分类】：I561
【文章目录】：
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
ABSTRACT
内容提要
Chapter 1 Introduction
    1.1 Preliminary remarks
    1.2 Rationale of the present study
    1.3 Objectives and methodology
    1.4 Outline of the dissertation
Chapter 2 A Review of Previous Literature on Relevance Theory
    2.1 Rudiments of relevance theory
        2.1.1 Relevance theory and human communication
        2.1.2 Dynamic context
        2.1.3 Mutual manifestness and inference
        2.1.4 Relevance: a balance between effect and effort
    2.2 Recent applications of RT to discourse analysis
        2.2.1 Daniel Dor’s approach to newspaper headlines
        2.2.2 Francisco Yus Ramos’study of humor
        2.2.3 Deirdre Wilson and Tim Wharton’s research in relevance and
        2.2.4 David Keeble’s interpretation of Carlyle’s essay
    2.3 Summary
Chapter 3 A Tentative Relevance-Theoretic Framework for Textual Analysi
    3.1 Linguistic level
        3.1.1 Vocal features
        3.1.2 Syntactic features
        3.1.3 Semantic representation
        3.1.4 Textual features
    3.2 Visual level
    3.3 Supralinguistic level
        3.3.1 Encyclopedic knowledge
        3.3.2 Context and inference
    3.4 Optimal and dynamic relevance
    3.5 Summary
Chapter 4 Application of the Framework to the Interpretation of The Birthday Party
    4.1 Synopsis of the play
    4.2 Vocal features
        4.2.1 Pause
        4.2.2 Tone feature
        4.2.3 Vocal sounds
    4.3 Syntactic feature: repetition
    4.4 Visual features
        4.4.1 Stanley’s glasses
        4.4.2 The characters’physical movements
    4.5 Textual cues
    4.6 Summary
Chapter 5 Application 2: Interpretation of The Homecoming
    5.1 Synopsis of the play
    5.2 Vocal features
        5.2.1 Pause
        5.2.2 Tone feature
    5.3 Syntactic feature: repetition
    5.4 Visual feature
    5.5 Semantic feature: irrelevant responses
    5.6 Textual cues
        5.6.1 Textual cues and reasoning along the line of story
        5.6.2 Textual cues and pronominal reference assignment
    5.7 Summary
Chapter 6 Conclusion
    6.1 Summary of the major findings
    6.2 Theoretical and practical implications of the present study
    6.3 Limitations of the present study and suggestions for further research
Bibliography

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